MCDMDecision-makingWeight SubjectiveMath steps

Analytic Hierarchy Process

OriginatorSaaty, T. L.Year1980Sources1Related methods333

AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Saaty, T. L. in 1980. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

Key highlights

  • Follows a transparent, reproducible computational procedure that can be audited step by step.
  • Handles multiple criteria of differing scales and units within a single decision matrix.

Intuition

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How it works

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When to use it

The priority vector entries sum to 1 and represent relative importance. Always inspect CR; if CR > 0.10, revisit the pairwise judgments before using the weights downstream.

Strengths & limitations

Strengths
  • Follows a transparent, reproducible computational procedure that can be audited step by step.
  • Handles multiple criteria of differing scales and units within a single decision matrix.
Limitations
  • May exhibit rank reversal when alternatives are added to or removed from the set.

Common pitfalls

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Sources

  1. 1.
    Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation. McGraw-Hill, New York
    ISBN 978-0070543713

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Cite this page

ScholarGate. (2026, June 2). AHP. ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/decision-making/ahp