MCDMDecision-makingRankingMath steps

Additive Ratio Assessment

OriginatorZavadskas, E. K., Turskis, Z.Year2010Sources1Related methods50

ARAS (Additive Ratio Assessment) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zavadskas, E. K., Turskis, Z. in 2010. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

Key highlights

  • Follows a transparent, reproducible computational procedure that can be audited step by step.
  • Handles multiple criteria of differing scales and units within a single decision matrix.

Intuition

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How it works

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When to use it

K_i ∈ [0,1]. The optimal alternative receives K_0=1 (by definition S_0/S_0=1). All real alternatives have K_i ≤ 1 because S_0 ≥ S_i. Higher K_i means the alternative is proportionally closer to the optimal benchmark. Unlike COPRAS, ARAS uses a single additive score without splitting benefit/cost — it handles cost by inverting before normalisation.

Strengths & limitations

Strengths
  • Follows a transparent, reproducible computational procedure that can be audited step by step.
  • Handles multiple criteria of differing scales and units within a single decision matrix.
Limitations
  • Assumes full compensation — a strong score on one criterion can offset a weak score on another.

Common pitfalls

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Sources

  1. 1.
    Zavadskas, E. K., Turskis, Z. (2010). A new additive ratio assessment (ARAS) method in multicriteria decision-making. Technological and Economic Development of Economy

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ScholarGate. (2026, June 2). ARAS. ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/decision-making/aras