Proximity-Adjusted WLC — spatially explicit weighted linear combination

V(A^p_i) reflects both criterion performance and spatial proximity to the reference location. An alternative far from the reference will have low proximity-adjusted weights — its criterion values count for very little in the aggregation even if they are high. This is by design: the method explicitly encodes a spatial preference bias toward the reference location. Always inspect the proximity-adjusted weight matrix (output G.proximity_adjusted_weights) to understand how spatial position is affecting the result.