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手法統計学1,836 人工知能・機械学習1,661 意思決定科学932 研究方法1,354 測定1,745 因果とエビデンス532 研究実践118

1,410 件の手法 · 測定クリア

フィルターに一致する実在の手法。

並べ替え人気順 A–Z Z–A 新着順

clinical psychology

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale

The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, published by Max Hamilton in 1960, is a clinician-administered interview assessment of depressive symptom severity. The most common version contains 17 items (HAM-D-17), though 21-item and 24-item versions exist. It is considered the gold standard outcome measure in antidepressant

3件の出典1960

health measurement

HAQ Disability Index

The Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) is a 20-item self-report measure of functional disability developed by Fries and colleagues at Stanford University in 1980. Originally designed for rheumatoid arthritis, the HAQ-DI has become the gold-standard functional assessment instrument across diverse

3件の出典1980

gastroenterology

Harvey-Bradshaw Index

The Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) is a simple, clinician-administered tool for assessing disease activity in Crohn's disease. Developed in 1980, it measures five clinical parameters including abdominal pain, stool frequency, and extraintestinal manifestations. The HBI is widely used in clinical practice and research for

1件の出典1980

forensic psychology

HCR-20v3

The HCR-20v3 is a structured professional judgment framework developed by Douglas, Hart, and colleagues for the assessment of risk for violence among adolescents and adults in mental health, criminal justice, and forensic settings. Published in 2013, it represents the third version of one of the most widely validated r

2件の出典2013

HD-QoL

The HD-QoL is a disease-specific quality-of-life instrument designed to measure the multidimensional impact of Huntington's disease on patients' physical, emotional, social, and cognitive functioning. Developed by Helder and colleagues in 2001, it uniquely addresses the progressive motor, cognitive, and psychiatric man

1件の出典2001

Heart Failure Somatic Awareness Scale

The Heart Failure Somatic Awareness Scale (HFSAS) is a specialized measure that assesses heart failure patients' ability to recognize and accurately perceive early warning signs of disease worsening (somatic awareness), such as subtle changes in dyspnea, edema, weight, fatigue, or palpitations. Early recognition of dec

2件の出典2017

Heart Rate Recovery

Heart rate recovery (HRR) is the decline in heart rate during the first minutes following maximal or submaximal exercise, reflecting the reactivation of parasympathetic (vagal) tone. Introduced as a clinical predictor by Cole and colleagues (1999), HRR serves as a non-invasive biomarker of cardiac autonomic function an

3件の出典1999

human computer interaction

Heatmap and Scrollmap

Heatmaps and scrollmaps are behavioral analytics tools that visually represent user attention and interaction on web pages and screens. Click heatmaps show where users click most frequently, visualized as color-coded density overlays. Scrollmaps show how far down pages users scroll and where they typically stop. These

2件の出典2000

environmental engineering

Heavy Metal Speciation

Heavy metal speciation is the analytical and geochemical determination of the chemical forms (species) and partitioning of toxic metals (lead, cadmium, chromium, zinc, copper) in soil, sediment, and water. Metal bioavailability—the fraction accessible to organisms—depends critically on speciation: metal bound to soil o

3件の出典1979

marketing management

HEdPERF Higher Education Performance Scale

HEdPERF is a 41-item scale designed specifically to measure service quality in higher education contexts, developed by Srikanthan and Dalrymple (2003). Extending SERVQUAL's framework to academic environments, HEdPERF captures unique dimensions of educational service: Academic Aspects (teaching quality, curriculum relev

2件の出典2003

psychotherapy research

Helpful Aspects of Therapy Form

The Helpful Aspects of Therapy (HAT) form is a semi-structured client feedback instrument designed to capture the client's perception of what was most beneficial or helpful in a therapy session or course of treatment. Developed by Llewellyn and refined by Elliott, the HAT combines open-ended narrative response with str

2件の出典1988

veterinary science

Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay

The Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) Assay is a classical serological test used to detect and quantify antibodies against hemagglutinating viruses — most notably influenza and Newcastle disease virus — in animal and human serum. Widely employed in veterinary diagnostics, vaccine efficacy evaluation, and epidemiological

2件の出典1942

Hemolysis Assay

The hemolysis assay is a standard method for evaluating the blood compatibility of biomaterials by quantifying the extent to which a material or substance damages red blood cells (RBCs) and causes hemoglobin release. Codified in standards including ASTM F756 and ISO 10993-4, the hemolysis assay is essential for regulat

3件の出典1950

Herd Reproductive Performance

Herd reproductive performance assessment integrates multiple metrics to evaluate the efficiency of breeding programs and overall population fertility. Formalized in the 1990s-2000s by dairy veterinarians and herd health specialists, the method combines individual animal records (conception rates, calving intervals) wit

3件の出典1990

bereavement psychology

HGRC

The Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist (HGRC) is a 61-item comprehensive measure developed by Nancy S. Hogan and colleagues in 2001 to assess the full spectrum of grief reactions—encompassing not only grief distress and symptoms but also post-loss growth and resilience. Unique among grief instruments, the HGRC explicitly m

1件の出典2001

human computer interaction

Hick-Hyman Law

The Hick-Hyman Law predicts that human decision time increases logarithmically with the number of equally likely choices. Independently formulated by William Edmund Hick and Ray Hyman in the early 1950s, this law describes how long it takes a person to make a choice among alternatives. In human-computer interaction, th

2件の出典1952

Hill-Bone Compliance Scale

The Hill-Bone Compliance Scale (HBCS) is a brief, disease-specific self-report measure designed to assess medication and lifestyle adherence in hypertension management. Developed by Kim, Hill, Bone, and Levine at Johns Hopkins University in 1999, the HBCS measures three dimensions of hypertension adherence: medication-

1件の出典1999

Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score

The Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) is a patient-reported outcome measure developed to assess pain, symptoms, function, and quality of life in patients with hip osteoarthritis and hip disability. Developed by Nilsdotter and colleagues in 2003, HOOS parallels the structure of KOOS (Knee Injury and

2件の出典2003

sports medicine

Hip Outcome Score

The Hip Outcome Score (HOS) is a 29-item patient self-report instrument designed to measure symptoms, functional limitations, and activity restrictions in individuals with hip disorders. Originally developed and published by Philippon, Kelly, and Martin in 2006 in Arthroscopy, the HOS has become the standard outcome me

1件の出典2006

clinical psychology

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report instrument measuring anxiety and depression symptoms in medically ill populations. Developed by Zigmond and Snaith in 1983, the HADS was specifically designed for hospital and general medical settings where somatic symptoms of medical illness may

2件の出典1983

tourism management

Hotel Service Quality Scale

The Hotel Service Quality Scale (HSQS), including the Lodging Quality Index (LQI) developed by Getty & Getty (2003), measures guest perceptions of hotel service quality across multiple dimensions (room comfort, staff responsiveness, facilities, value). Using expectancy-disconfirmation theory, it captures not only perce

4件の出典2003

HPLC

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is an analytical technique that separates, identifies, and quantifies components in a complex food sample by passing the sample through a pressurized column packed with a stationary phase. Developed by Horváth in the early 1970s, HPLC enables rapid, sensitive measurement of

2件の出典1970

Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique

The Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique (HEART), developed by Jeremy Williams in 1988 for the nuclear industry, is a structured method for assessing the probability of human error in safety-critical tasks and identifying error reduction strategies. Unlike scales that measure subjective experience (workload,

1件の出典1988

Hydroponic Nutrient Solution Management

Hydroponic nutrient solution management involves formulating, monitoring, and adjusting the chemical composition of water-based growing media to deliver optimal nutrition without soil. This method combines analytical chemistry (nutrient analysis, pH, electrical conductivity) with plant physiology to diagnose deficienci

2件の出典1970

Hyperarousal Scale

The Hyperarousal Scale is an assessment tool measuring elevated physiologic and cognitive activation during sleep and wakefulness in insomnia patients. Rooted in contemporary understanding of insomnia as a disorder of hyperarousal (excessive vigilance, elevated muscle tension, racing thoughts, heightened startle respon

1件の出典2020

Hyperspectral Unmixing

Hyperspectral unmixing is a signal processing technique that decomposes each pixel of a hyperspectral image into a collection of pure material spectra (endmembers) and their corresponding fractional abundances. Because sensor resolution often causes multiple land-cover types to co-occupy a single pixel, unmixing recove

1件の出典2002

Hypoglycemia Fear Survey

The Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS) is a self-report measure that quantifies fear of, anxiety about, and behavioral responses to hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes and insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. Originally developed by Cox and colleagues in 1987 and revised (HFS-II) in 1993, the HFS captures the emotion

2件の出典1987

psychology of religion

I/E Religiosity Scale

The I/E Scale, originally developed by Allport and Ross in 1967, is a foundational measure in the psychology of religion that distinguishes between two motivational orientations toward religion: intrinsic (religion as end in itself, source of meaning) versus extrinsic (religion as means to social, personal, or practica

2件の出典1967

clinical psychology

IAT

The IAT is a 20-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure problematic internet use and internet addiction. Developed by Kimberly Young in 1998, it was one of the first validated screening tools for internet-related compulsive use. The IAT assesses loss of control, salience (preoccupation with internet), withdr

3件の出典1998

urology gynecology

ICIQ Urinary Incontinence Short Form

The ICIQ-SF is a brief, four-item self-report measure designed to assess the frequency, severity, and impact of urinary incontinence symptoms in both men and women. Developed by Avery and colleagues in 2004, it combines high psychometric utility with practical brevity, making it ideal for routine clinical screening and

2件の出典2004

nutritional science

IES-2

The Intuitive Eating Scale-2 is a 23-item self-report instrument designed to measure intuitive eating, a non-restrictive, non-prescriptive eating approach that emphasizes internal hunger and satiety cues, unconditional permission to eat, and body attunement. Developed by Tylka and Kroon Van Diest in 2013, the IES-2 bui

2件の出典2013

sports medicine

IKDC Subjective Knee Form

The IKDC Subjective Knee Form is an 18-item patient self-report instrument that measures knee function and symptoms in individuals with various knee conditions. Developed by the International Knee Documentation Committee in 2001 and published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine, it has become the gold standard f

1件の出典2001

medical imaging

Imaging Mass Cytometry

Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) is a multiplexed proteomics technique that maps the subcellular localization of up to 40-50 proteins in tissue sections simultaneously using mass spectrometry detection. Developed by Bodenmiller and colleagues in 2014, IMC combines the single-cell imaging power of immunofluorescence with th

3件の出典2014

trauma psychology

Impact of Event Scale Revised

The IES-R is a 22-item self-report scale measuring subjective distress from a specific traumatic event. Developed by Weiss and Marmar in 1997 as a revision of the original 1979 Impact of Event Scale, it assesses posttraumatic stress symptoms along three core dimensions: intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal. The scale

2件の出典1997

rehabilitation science

Impact on Participation and Autonomy

The Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA) scale is a validated, patient-centered measure designed to quantify how chronic conditions or disabilities affect an individual's autonomy and participation in five key life domains: autonomy, mobility, occupation, social relations, and recreation. Developed in the Netherl

2件の出典2001

Implicit Association Test

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a computerized measure designed to detect automatic associations between concepts in memory, such as implicit attitudes toward social groups or implicit self-concepts. Introduced by Greenwald, McGhee, and Schwartz in 1998, it infers the strength and valence of associations from th

3件の出典1998

information systems

Indexing Strategy

Indexing strategy is the practice of systematically designing database indexes to accelerate query performance. Developed following Bayer and McCreight's foundational B-tree work in 1972, effective indexing requires analyzing query patterns, choosing appropriate index structures, and maintaining index health as data ev

3件の出典1972

Indicator Value

Indicator Value (IndVal) analysis, developed by Dufrene and Legendre (1997), identifies species that reliably indicate the presence of particular environmental conditions, habitat types, or community groups. The method quantifies the association between species and habitat, producing an indicator value that combines sp

3件の出典1997

analytical chemistry

Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry

Inductively coupled plasma spectrometry is a powerful multi-element analytical technique that ionizes a sample in a high-temperature plasma and measures the emitted light (ICP-OES) or ion masses (ICP-MS) to determine elemental concentrations. Developed in the 1960s by Stanley Greenfield, ICP techniques have become the

3件の出典1964

Infrared Spectroscopy Identification

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy measures the absorption of infrared radiation by chemical bonds, creating a spectrum unique to each compound. Discovered by William Herschel in 1800 and developed into a practical analytical tool in the mid-20th century, IR spectroscopy is indispensable for rapidly identifying functional grou

2件の出典1800

strategic management

Innovation Ambidexterity Scale

Innovation Ambidexterity—the organizational capacity to simultaneously engage in exploration (pursuing radical, novel innovations) and exploitation (improving and extending existing products and processes)—is fundamental to sustained competitive advantage. March (1991) formalized this trade-off in Organization Science,

3件の出典1991

organizational behavior

Innovation Climate Scale

The Innovation Climate Scale (ICS) is a 50-item instrument measuring organizational climate for creativity and innovation across ten dimensions. Developed by Göran Ekvall in 1996, the ICS identifies environmental factors that enable or inhibit organizational innovation, making it valuable for assessing innovation poten

2件の出典1996

Input-Output Structural Decomposition Analysis

Input-Output Structural Decomposition Analysis (IO-SDA) is an economic-environmental accounting method rooted in Wassily Leontief's input-output framework. It decomposes changes in economic activity and associated environmental impacts (emissions, resource use) over time into components reflecting technological change,

3件の出典1985

Insomnia Severity Index

The ISI is a 7-item self-report questionnaire designed to assess the severity of insomnia in adolescents and adults. Developed by Morin and colleagues and validated in 2001, it measures difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, early morning awakening, and daytime functional impairment due to sleep problems

3件の出典2001

Integral Projection Model

Integral projection models (IPMs) are a class of structured population models that use continuous traits (size, age, height) to describe population dynamics. Introduced by Easterling and colleagues (2000) and developed extensively by Ellner, Rees, and collaborators, IPMs overcome limitations of age- or stage-structured

3件の出典2000

integrative medicine

Integrative Medicine Attitude Questionnaire

The IMAQ is a 26-item self-report instrument assessing healthcare professionals' attitudes toward integrative medicine—the combined use of conventional and complementary therapies based on evidence and patient-centered values. Developed by Bikker and colleagues, it measures five dimensions of attitudes: cognitive, prac

2件の出典2005

human computer interaction

Interaction Equivalency

Interaction Equivalency is an evaluation method for validating that alternative input and output modalities (voice, gesture, eye tracking, switch control) provide functionally equivalent access to system capabilities compared to standard input (keyboard, mouse). Developed by Shari Trewin, this method ensures that assis

2件の出典2013

Interface Usability Measure

Interface Usability Measure (IUM), exemplified by the System Usability Scale (SUS) developed by John Brooke in 1986 and extended by Lewis and others, is a rapid, single-scale or multi-item assessment of perceived interface usability. IUM captures how easy, intuitive, and satisfying users find an interactive system, ran

2件の出典1986

Interferogram Fringe Analysis

Interferogram fringe analysis is a computational methodology for extracting quantitative information from interference fringe patterns recorded in optical systems. Rooted in Thomas Young's 1801 double-slit experiment and formalized in 20th-century metrology, this approach interprets the spatial patterns of constructive

3件の出典1801

Internal Control Evaluation

Internal Control Evaluation is a systematic methodology for assessing the design and effectiveness of an entity's internal control system using the COSO Integrated Framework. Developed by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, this approach evaluates five interrelated components—control e

2件の出典1992

psychiatric rehabilitation

Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale

The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI) is a 29-item self-report measure assessing the extent to which individuals with serious mental illness have internalized societal stigma—that is, adopted negative beliefs and stereotypes about themselves and their condition. Developed by Ritsher, Otilingam, and Gra

1件の出典2003

urology gynecology

International Index of Erectile Function

The IIEF is a 15-item, multidimensional self-report instrument developed by Rosen and colleagues in 1997 to assess erectile function and sexual satisfaction in men. It remains the most widely used psychometric tool for evaluating erectile dysfunction in clinical and research settings, with validation across 29 countrie

2件の出典1997

health measurement

International Physical Activity Questionnaire

The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) is a standardized self-report measure of physical activity developed by the International Society for Physical Activity and Health in 2003. Available in short (7 items) and long (31 items) forms, it assesses moderate-to-vigorous and light physical activity across

3件の出典2003

social psychology

Interpersonal Reactivity Index

The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is a 28-item self-report measure developed by Mark H. Davis in 1980 to assess individual differences in empathy as a multidimensional construct. Rather than treating empathy as a single trait, the IRI measures four distinct empathic dimensions: perspective-taking, fantasy, empat

2件の出典1980

clinical psychology

Interpersonal Therapy Assessment

Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) assessment is a structured evaluation of the client's current symptoms and their interpersonal context to identify one or more core interpersonal problems (grief, disputes, role transitions, or interpersonal deficits) maintaining the client's psychological distress. Developed by Gerald Klerm

2件の出典1984

clinical psychology

Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale

The IUS-12 is a 12-item self-report measure of intolerance of uncertainty, a cognitive vulnerability factor underlying anxiety across multiple disorders. Developed by Carleton, Norton, and Asmundson in 2007 as short form of the original IUS-27, it measures difficulty accepting or managing uncertainty and associated anx

1件の出典2007

Inverse Sampling

Inverse Sampling is a sequential sampling strategy where sampling continues until a fixed number of occurrences of a rare event or item of interest is observed. Introduced by J. B. S. Haldane in 1945, it is particularly efficient for estimating rare event probabilities or proportions when the target is sparse and costl

3件の出典1945

analytical chemistry

Ion Chromatography

Ion chromatography is a liquid chromatography method that separates ions and polar molecules based on their relative affinity for the ion exchange resin in the column. Developed by Hamish Small in 1975, it combines ion-exchange separation with conductivity detection, enabling rapid, sensitive, and simultaneous determin

3件の出典1975

Iowa Gambling Task

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is a laboratory analog of real-world decision-making that measures how individuals make risky choices when outcomes are uncertain. Participants select cards from four decks, each offering different patterns of rewards and losses. The task reveals whether participants learn from experience t

3件の出典1994

social media psychology

Iowa-Netherlands Social Comparison Orientation Scale

The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) is an 11-item self-report scale that assesses individual differences in the tendency to engage in social comparison—comparing oneself to others on abilities, attributes, and outcomes. Developed by Gibbons and Buunk in 1999, it captures both upward comparison (

1件の出典1999

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