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研究中的知情同意豁免

知情同意豁免允许研究在未征得参与者事先书面或口头同意的情况下进行。这种对标准知情同意要求的例外适用于特定的低风险研究场景,在这些场景中,获取同意既不切实际、不必要,或者会损害研究的有效性。在美国,法规(45 CFR 46.116)规定了机构审查委员会(IRB)批准豁免必须满足的四个标准;英国(研究伦理委员会)和欧盟司法管辖区也适用类似的标准。豁免并非自动获得;研究人员必须明确提出豁免请求,并向伦理委员会提供理由,由伦理委员会决定是否满足标准。

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来源

  1. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2018). Protection of Human Subjects. Code of Federal Regulations Title 45, Part 46, Section 46.116(c). link
  2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections. (2019). Waiver or Alteration of Informed Consent. National Institutes of Health. link
  3. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2015). Guidance for Industry: Waiver or Alteration of Informed Consent for in vitro Diagnostic Device Studies Using Leftover Human Specimens. link
  4. Health Research Authority. (2021). Guidance for Applicants: Research Without Consent. UK Research Ethics Service. link

如何引用本页

ScholarGate. (2026, June 4). Criteria and Application of Waiver of Informed Consent in Human Subjects Research. ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/zh/research-ethics/waiver-of-informed-consent

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ScholarGateWaiver of Informed Consent in Research (Criteria and Application of Waiver of Informed Consent in Human Subjects Research). 于 2026-06-19 检索自 https://scholargate.app/zh/research-ethics/waiver-of-informed-consent · 数据集: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20539026