Kasvatusprosessi: luokkahuonenäkökulmat

Tämä alue käsittelee opetusta ja oppimista luokkahuoneessa — opetusta, luokkahuoneprosesseja ja tehokkaan opettamisen edellytyksiä.

Scope

Ala kattaa opetusta koskevan tutkimuksen, luokkahuonevuorovaikutuksen ja -hallinnan, opetusmenetelmät sekä oppimisen kognitiiviset edellytykset.

Sub-topics

• Advance Organizers
• Interdisciplinary Approach
• Study Habits
• Cultural Enrichment
• Test Anxiety
• Affective Objectives
• Behavioral Objectives
• Student Reaction
• Test Preparation
• Academic Failure
• Class Rank
• Grades (Scholastic)
• Grading
• Enrichment Activities
• Developmentally Appropriate Practices
• Mixed Age Grouping
• Instructional Effectiveness
• Global Approach
• Mastery Learning
• Multi Tiered Systems of Support
• Performance Contracts
• Student Improvement
• Teacher Influence
• Instructional Design
• Portfolio Assessment
• Learner Engagement
• Student Motivation
• Teacher Motivation
• Student Development
• Classroom Environment
• Teacher Student Relationship
• Creative Activities
• Reggio Emilia Approach
• Educational Therapy
• Classroom Communication
• Simulation
• Assessment Literacy
• Formative Evaluation
• Instructional Improvement
• Teacher Competencies
• Teaching Skills
• Assignments
• Instruction
• Electronic Learning
• Discussion Groups
• Educational Diagnosis
• Response to Intervention
• Academic Persistence
• Listening
• Redundancy
• Time on Task
• Classroom Techniques
• Audiovisual Instruction
• Multimedia Instruction
• Intermode Differences
• Place Based Education
• Student Centered Learning
• Individual Instruction
• Conventional Instruction
• Academic Achievement
• Teaching Experience
• Object Manipulation
• Precision Teaching
• Course Objectives
• Process Education
• Student Behavior
• Developmental Studies Programs
• Student Centered Curriculum
• Training Objectives
• Educational Strategies
• Remedial Programs
• Study Skills
• Content and Language Integrated Learning
• Acceleration (Education)
• Honors Curriculum
• Blended Learning
• Experimental Teaching
• Instructional Innovation
• Integrated Activities
• Training Methods
• Web Based Instruction
• Ability Grouping
• Computer Assisted Instruction
• Group Discussion
• Student Projects
• Teacher Behavior
• Case Method (Teaching Technique)
• Discussion (Teaching Technique)
• Student Interests
• Writing Exercises
• Classes (Groups of Students)
• Class Organization
• Course Organization
• Grouping (Instructional Purposes)
• Self Contained Classrooms
• Class Size
• Teacher Expectations of Students
• Teaching Conditions
• Prereferral Intervention
• Practicum Supervision
• Student Experience
• Teacher Improvement
• Coaching (Performance)
• Achievement Gains
• Performance Factors
• Remedial Instruction
• Group Activities
• Reciprocal Teaching
• Computer Simulation
• Computer Managed Instruction
• Simulated Environment
• Praxis
• Scaffolding (Teaching Technique)
• Course Content
• Textbook Content
• Motivation Techniques
• Lecture Method
• Learning Centers (Classroom)
• Peer Teaching
• Team Training
• Team Teaching
• Home Study
• Individualized Programs
• Diagnostic Teaching
• Course Evaluation
• Instructional Material Evaluation
• Summative Evaluation
• Creative Teaching
• Curriculum Based Assessment
• Reflective Teaching
• Questioning Techniques
• Cross Age Teaching
• Tutorial Programs
• Notetaking
• Prompting
• Enrichment
• Curriculum Enrichment
• Instructional Development
• Thematic Approach
• Material Development
• Class Activities
• Cooperative Learning
• Experiential Learning
• Independent Study
• Learner Controlled Instruction
• Demonstrations (Educational)
• Learning Activities
• Direct Instruction
• Problem Based Learning
• Student Participation
• Montessori Method
• Resource Units
• In Person Learning
• Individualized Instruction
• Drills (Practice)
• Sequential Approach
• Gamification
• Progressive Education
• Time Management
• Psychoeducational Methods
• Error Correction
• Participant Satisfaction
• Student Journals
• Knowledge Base for Teaching
• Teacher Response
• Group Instruction
• Test Wiseness
• Pacing
• Individual Activities
• Resource Room Programs
• Reading Lists
• Instructional Systems
• Microteaching
• Andragogy
• Aptitude Treatment Interaction

Core questions

• Mikä tekee opettamisesta vaikuttavaa?
• Miten luokkahuonevuorovaikutus muovaa oppimista?
• Miten opetus tulisi suunnitella kognitiivisesti?
• Millainen on luokkahuone-elämän geletty kokemus?

Key concepts

• Tehokas opettaminen
• Luokkahuoneen hallinta
• Piilotettu opetussuunnitelma
• Kognitiivinen kuorma
• Opetuksen suunnittelu
• Luokkahuonevuorovaikutus

Key theories

Opetuksen tutkimus

Gage perusti opettamisen vaikuttavuuden systemaattisen empiirisen tutkimuksen.

Luokkahuoneen piilotettu opetussuunnitelma

Jackson paljasti luokkahuone-elämän implisiittiset oppitunnit.

Kognitiivinen kuormitusteoria

Sweller osoitti, että tehokas oppiminen edellyttää opetuksen mukauttamista työmuistin rajoituksiin.

History

Luokkahuonetutkimus siirtyi tehokasta opetusta koskevista prosessi–tuotos-tutkimuksista (Gage) ja luokkahuone-elämän etnografioista (Jackson) kognitiivisesti perusteltuun opetuksen suunnitteluun (Sweller).

Debates

Suora opetus vai oivaltava oppiminen

Tukeeko oppimista parhaiten eksplisiittinen opetus vai ohjattu oivaltaminen, jota kognitiivisen kuorman tutkimus valottaa.

Key figures

• N. L. Gage
• Philip Jackson
• John Sweller

Seminal works

• jackson-1968
• gage-1963
• sweller-1988

Frequently asked questions

Mitä on kognitiivinen kuormitusteoria?

Swellerin teoria siitä, että opetuksen tulee hallita työmuistin rajallista kapasiteettia tehokkaan oppimisen tukemiseksi.