学生、教师与学校人员
这一领域聚焦于教育中的人——学生、教师与学校人员：他们的角色、职业生涯、知识储备与专业发展。
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Scope
该领域涵盖教师教育与专业发展、教师知识与职业生涯、教学专业，以及学生角色与学校经历。
Sub-topics
- White Students
- White Teachers
- Reading Consultants
- Remedial Teachers
- School Cadres
- School Nurses
- Science Teachers
- State Supervisors
- Tutors
- Women Faculty
- African American Students
- African American Teachers
- Minority Group Students
- Minority Group Teachers
- Agriculture Teachers
- Vocational Education Teachers
- Nursing Students
- College Bound Students
- Teacher Interns
- Alumni
- American Indian Students
- At Risk Students
- Art Teachers
- Music Teachers
- Asian American Students
- Beginning Principals
- Potential Dropouts
- Special Needs Students
- Physical Education Teachers
- Student Athletes
- Transfer Students
- Adjunct Faculty
- College Faculty
- Nontenured Faculty
- Beginning Teachers
- Master Teachers
- Bilingual Students
- Bilingual Teacher Aides
- Bilingual Teachers
- Advanced Students
- Pregnant Students
- Resident Advisers
- Public School Teachers
- Business Education Teachers
- Experienced Teachers
- Early Childhood Teachers
- Catholic Educators
- Lay Teachers
- Child Development Specialists
- Elementary School Students
- College Freshmen
- Financial Aid Applicants
- College Students
- High School Seniors
- College Seniors
- Commuting Students
- Resource Staff
- Resource Teachers
- School Psychologists
- Continuation Students
- Terminal Students
- Cooperating Teachers
- Nonmajors
- Part Time Students
- Full Time Students
- Differentiated Staffs
- Paraprofessional School Personnel
- Junior High School Students
- Middle School Students
- Elementary School Teachers
- Education Majors
- Educational Researchers
- Evaluators
- Television Teachers
- Part Time Faculty
- Middle School Teachers
- Specialists
- Substitute Teachers
- English Teachers
- Language Teachers
- Administrators
- Family and Consumer Sciences Teachers
- Student Volunteers
- Foreign Student Advisers
- Foreign Students
- High School Freshmen
- High School Teachers
- Secondary School Teachers
- Hispanic American Students
- Itinerant Teachers
- College Applicants
- School Personnel
- Industrial Arts Teachers
- Trade and Industrial Teachers
- High School Students
- Junior High School Teachers
- Reading Teachers
- Writing Teachers
- Academically Gifted
- Adult Educators
- Adult Students
- Mathematics Teachers
- Evening Students
- Nontraditional Students
- Reentry Students
- Self Supporting Students
Core questions
- 有效教师具备哪些核心知识？
- 教师如何实现专业发展？
- 哪些因素塑造了教学职业生涯与教学专业？
- 学生如何体验自身的学校角色？
Key concepts
- 教师知识
- 学科教学知识
- 教师社会化
- 专业发展
- 教学作为职业生涯
- 教师教育
Key theories
- 教学专业
- Waller与Lortie将教学作为一种具有独特文化、社会化模式与职业约束的职业加以分析。
- 学科教学知识
- Shulman确立了教师使学科内容变得可习得所需的专门知识类型。
History
对教师群体的研究从Waller与Lortie的职业社会学分析，发展至Shulman对教师知识的系统阐释，深刻塑造了教师教育领域与专业标准体系。
Debates
- 教学是否构成一种专业？
- 围绕教师自主性、专业知识与职业地位能否作为专业主义标志，学界持续论争。
Key figures
- Willard Waller
- Dan Lortie
- Lee Shulman
Related topics
Seminal works
- waller-1932
- lortie-1975
- shulman-1986
Frequently asked questions
- 什么是学科教学知识？
- Shulman提出的概念，指教师将特定学科内容转化为学习者可理解形式所需的专门知识。