Pelajar, Guru, dan Kakitangan Sekolah

Bidang ini berkaitan dengan warga pendidikan — pelajar, guru, dan kakitangan sekolah: peranan, kerjaya, pengetahuan, dan perkembangan mereka.

Scope

Bidang ini merangkumi pendidikan guru dan pembangunan profesional, pengetahuan dan kerjaya guru, profesion perguruan, serta peranan dan pengalaman pelajar.

Sub-topics

• White Students
• White Teachers
• Reading Consultants
• Remedial Teachers
• School Cadres
• School Nurses
• Science Teachers
• State Supervisors
• Tutors
• Women Faculty
• African American Students
• African American Teachers
• Minority Group Students
• Minority Group Teachers
• Agriculture Teachers
• Vocational Education Teachers
• Nursing Students
• College Bound Students
• Teacher Interns
• Alumni
• American Indian Students
• At Risk Students
• Art Teachers
• Music Teachers
• Asian American Students
• Beginning Principals
• Potential Dropouts
• Special Needs Students
• Physical Education Teachers
• Student Athletes
• Transfer Students
• Adjunct Faculty
• College Faculty
• Nontenured Faculty
• Beginning Teachers
• Master Teachers
• Bilingual Students
• Bilingual Teacher Aides
• Bilingual Teachers
• Advanced Students
• Pregnant Students
• Resident Advisers
• Public School Teachers
• Business Education Teachers
• Experienced Teachers
• Early Childhood Teachers
• Catholic Educators
• Lay Teachers
• Child Development Specialists
• Elementary School Students
• College Freshmen
• Financial Aid Applicants
• College Students
• High School Seniors
• College Seniors
• Commuting Students
• Resource Staff
• Resource Teachers
• School Psychologists
• Continuation Students
• Terminal Students
• Cooperating Teachers
• Nonmajors
• Part Time Students
• Full Time Students
• Differentiated Staffs
• Paraprofessional School Personnel
• Junior High School Students
• Middle School Students
• Elementary School Teachers
• Education Majors
• Educational Researchers
• Evaluators
• Television Teachers
• Part Time Faculty
• Middle School Teachers
• Specialists
• Substitute Teachers
• English Teachers
• Language Teachers
• Administrators
• Family and Consumer Sciences Teachers
• Student Volunteers
• Foreign Student Advisers
• Foreign Students
• High School Freshmen
• High School Teachers
• Secondary School Teachers
• Hispanic American Students
• Itinerant Teachers
• College Applicants
• School Personnel
• Industrial Arts Teachers
• Trade and Industrial Teachers
• High School Students
• Junior High School Teachers
• Reading Teachers
• Writing Teachers
• Academically Gifted
• Adult Educators
• Adult Students
• Mathematics Teachers
• Evening Students
• Nontraditional Students
• Reentry Students
• Self Supporting Students

Core questions

• Apakah pengetahuan yang dimiliki guru yang berkesan?
• Bagaimana guru berkembang secara profesional?
• Apakah yang membentuk kerjaya dan profesion perguruan?
• Bagaimana pelajar mengalami peranan di sekolah?

Key concepts

• Pengetahuan guru
• Pengetahuan kandungan pedagogi
• Sosialisasi guru
• Pembangunan profesional
• Perguruan sebagai kerjaya
• Pendidikan guru

Key theories

Profesion perguruan

Waller dan Lortie menganalisis pengajaran sebagai pekerjaan dengan budaya, sosialisasi, dan kekangan yang tersendiri.

Pengetahuan kandungan pedagogi (pedagogical content knowledge)

Shulman mengenal pasti pengetahuan khusus yang diperlukan guru untuk menjadikan kandungan mata pelajaran boleh dipelajari.

History

Kajian tentang guru berkembang daripada sosiologi pekerjaan Waller dan Lortie kepada analisis pengetahuan guru Shulman, yang telah membentuk pendidikan guru dan piawaian profesional.

Debates

Adakah perguruan satu profesion?

Perdebatan mengenai autonomi, kepakaran, dan status guru sebagai penanda profesionalisme.

Key figures

• Willard Waller
• Dan Lortie
• Lee Shulman

Seminal works

• waller-1932
• lortie-1975
• shulman-1986

Frequently asked questions

Apakah pengetahuan kandungan pedagogi?

Konsep Shulman mengenai pengetahuan khusus yang dimiliki guru untuk menjadikan kandungan mata pelajaran tertentu boleh difahami oleh pelajar.