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实验与准实验

106 种方法属于此方法族。

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AB设计The AB design is the simplest single-subject experimental design, consisting of two sequential phases: a baseline phase (A) in which the target behavior is observed under natural c自适应AB设计The adaptive AB design is a single-subject experimental design that retains the two-phase baseline-then-intervention structure of the classic AB design but replaces fixed session-c自适应ABA设计The Adaptive ABA Design is a single-subject experimental framework that follows the classic three-phase ABA withdrawal structure — baseline (A1), intervention (B), and return-to-ba自适应对照组实验设计An adaptive control group experimental design is an experiment that assigns participants to at least one treatment arm and one concurrent control group, while allowing pre-specifie自适应实验An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopp自适应现场实验An adaptive field experiment is a randomized study conducted in a real-world environment in which pre-specified decision rules allow the researcher to modify the trial as interim d

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本主题被引用最多的基础方法，按其提出的先后顺序排列——若您初次接触，不妨从这里开始。

  1. 随机对照试验 (RCT)1948作者：James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948)
  2. AB设计1960s作者：Murray Sidman; Baer, Wolf & Risley
  3. 交叉随机对照试验1960s (Grizzle 1965 for statistical foundations); widely used in clinical research since the 1970s作者：Early formalized by statisticians including Bradford Hill and colleagues in clinical trials; theoretical framework developed by Grizzle (1965) and later Senn (2002)
  4. 描述性研究Late 19th century; formalized in social/behavioral sciences ~1960s–1980s作者：Francis Galton, Karl Pearson (early empirical tradition); formalized in social science by Fred Kerlinger
  5. 单被试实验设计1960s (Sidman 1960; formal applied codification by Kazdin and Baer in 1970s–1980s)作者：Murray Sidman (foundational tactics); B. F. Skinner (applied behavior analysis lineage)
  6. 前测-后测实验设计1963 (formalized in Campbell & Stanley)作者：Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley
  7. 多基线设计1968作者：Donald M. Baer, Montrose M. Wolf, Todd R. Risley
  8. 多臂实验1990s–2000s (clinical formalization); multi-arm concept implicit in ANOVA-era factorial designs作者：Developed within clinical trials methodology; formalized by Parmar, Royston and colleagues (UK MRC CTU, early 2000s)
本栏架上的全部方法 ↓

全部方法 106

AB设计自适应AB设计自适应ABA设计自适应对照组实验设计自适应实验自适应现场实验自适应实验室实验自适应多臂试验适应性多基线设计自适应自然实验自适应重复测量实验设计自适应随机对照试验自适应单被试实验设计自适应所罗门四组设计区组AB设计受阻实验室实验阻断多基线设计受阻自然实验分层析因试验设计分块随机对照试验带区组的所罗门四组设计簇随机适应性试验簇随机对照试验设计整群随机对照试验簇随机现场试验整群随机化实验室实验簇随机多臂试验簇随机化的所罗门四组设计完全随机设计 (CRD)对照组实验设计ABAB交替设计Crossover Adaptive Experiment交叉对照组实验设计交叉设计交叉现场实验交叉实验室实验Crossover Multi-Arm Experiment交叉多基线设计交叉自然实验交叉前后测实验设计交叉随机对照试验交叉单被试实验设计交叉所罗门四组设计描述性研究基于设计的并发嵌入式混合方法设计基于设计的干预混合方法剂量-反应实验设计与分析双盲AB设计双盲自适应实验双盲对照组实验设计双盲现场实验双盲实验室实验双盲多基线设计双盲前后测实验设计双盲单被试实验设计双盲所罗门四组设计嵌入式干预混合方法事后研究设计现场实验混合实验设计实验室实验混合实验设计多臂实验多响应实验设计多基线设计自然实验最优实验设计（D最优、I最优）实验设计优化辅助试点 AB 设计ABAB设计（试点）试点对照组实验设计现场试验多臂试验可行性测试试点自然实验试点前后测实验设计试点随机对照试验单被试实验设计（Pilot Single-Subject Experimental Design）所罗门四组设计试点研究Pragmatic AB DesignPragmatic ABA Design实用自适应实验实用性对照组实验设计Pragmatic Field Experiment实用实验室实验实用多臂实验实用型前测-后测实验设计实用性随机对照试验实用型单案例实验设计实用所罗门四组设计前测-后测实验设计随机完全区组设计 (RCBD)随机对照试验 (RCT)基于风险的实验设计敏感性分析-集成实验设计基于仿真的实验设计单盲AB设计单盲对照组实验设计单盲现场实验单盲实验室实验单盲多臂试验单盲自然实验单盲前测-后测实验设计单盲随机对照试验单盲单被试实验设计单被试实验设计所罗门四组设计

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