辅导与咨询
学校辅导与生涯指导在教育情境中支持学生的学业发展、职业规划与个人社会性发展。
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Scope
该领域涵盖职业与生涯指导、学校情境中的咨询理论与技术,以及学习者的社会情感支持。
Sub-topics
- Consultants
- Academic Advising
- Faculty Advisers
- Counseling Services
- Guidance Programs
- Counseling Techniques
- Counseling Theories
- Counseling Objectives
- Guidance Objectives
- Pupil Personnel Services
- Student Personnel Services
- Career Guidance
- Career Planning
- School Guidance
- Guidance Centers
- Career Counseling
- Comprehensive Guidance
- Guidance
- Helping Relationship
- Social Support Groups
- Caseworker Approach
- Caseworkers
- Counselors
- Student Welfare
- Counselor Client Relationship
- Counseling Psychology
- Cocounseling
- Referral
- Rehabilitation Programs
- Counselor Teacher Cooperation
- Teacher Guidance
- Role Playing
- Counselor Role
- Sensitivity Training
- Consultation Programs
- Delinquent Rehabilitation
- Counseling Effectiveness
- Microcounseling
- Counselor Performance
- Counselor Training
- Counselor Characteristics
- Pupil Personnel Workers
- Laboratory Training
- Counselor Attitudes
- Counselor Evaluation
- Counselor Certification
- Counselor Qualifications
- Counselor Client Ratio
- Rehabilitation
- Counseling
- Group Guidance
- Admissions Counseling
- Post High School Guidance
- Student Personnel Workers
Core questions
- 学校如何支持学生的发展与选择?
- 如何提供生涯指导?
- 哪些咨询进路适合教育情境?
- 如何满足学生的社会情感需求?
Key concepts
- 职业指导
- 生涯发展
- 以人为中心的咨询
- 社会情感学习
- 学生支持
Key theories
- 职业指导
- Parsons 创立了系统性职业指导,主张将个人特质与职业要求相匹配。
- 以人为中心的咨询
- Rogers 的当事人中心疗法塑造了学校与教育咨询的实践取向。
- 生涯发展理论
- Super 将生涯理论化为贯穿一生的发展性自我概念实现过程。
History
学校辅导从职业指导运动(Parsons)发展而来,融合了人本主义咨询(Rogers)与发展性生涯理论(Super),如今已拓展为涵盖综合性学校咨询项目的完整体系。
Debates
- 学校中的指导与心理治疗之界分
- 学校辅导究竟应在多大程度上延伸至临床心理健康工作。
Key figures
- Frank Parsons
- Carl Rogers
- Donald Super
Related topics
Seminal works
- parsons-1909
- rogers-1951
- super-1957
Frequently asked questions
- 学校辅导的职能是什么?
- 通过指导、咨询与协调性支持,促进学生的学业、职业与社会情感发展。