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手法統計学1,836 人工知能・機械学習1,661 意思決定科学932 研究方法1,354 測定1,745 因果とエビデンス532 研究実践118

489 件の手法 Psychologyでクリア

フィルターに一致する実在の手法。

並べ替え人気順 A–Z Z–A 新着順

clinical psychology

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale

The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) is a clinician-administered assessment tool for quantifying the severity of anxiety symptoms in adults. Developed by Max Hamilton in 1959, it remains one of the most widely used instruments for evaluating anxiety in clinical and research settings. The scale measures both psycho

2件の出典1959

clinical psychology

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale

The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, published by Max Hamilton in 1960, is a clinician-administered interview assessment of depressive symptom severity. The most common version contains 17 items (HAM-D-17), though 21-item and 24-item versions exist. It is considered the gold standard outcome measure in antidepressant

3件の出典1960

forensic psychology

HCR-20v3

The HCR-20v3 is a structured professional judgment framework developed by Douglas, Hart, and colleagues for the assessment of risk for violence among adolescents and adults in mental health, criminal justice, and forensic settings. Published in 2013, it represents the third version of one of the most widely validated r

2件の出典2013

clinical psychology

Health Anxiety Inventory

The Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI) is a 14-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure health anxiety and health-related worry, including concerns about having serious illness, fear of dying, and preoccupation with bodily symptoms. Developed by Salkovskis, Rimes, Warwick, and Clark in 2002, the HAI has become a

1件の出典2002

psychotherapy research

Helpful Aspects of Therapy Form

The Helpful Aspects of Therapy (HAT) form is a semi-structured client feedback instrument designed to capture the client's perception of what was most beneficial or helpful in a therapy session or course of treatment. Developed by Llewellyn and refined by Elliott, the HAT combines open-ended narrative response with str

2件の出典1988

bereavement psychology

HGRC

The Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist (HGRC) is a 61-item comprehensive measure developed by Nancy S. Hogan and colleagues in 2001 to assess the full spectrum of grief reactions—encompassing not only grief distress and symptoms but also post-loss growth and resilience. Unique among grief instruments, the HGRC explicitly m

1件の出典2001

clinical psychology

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report instrument measuring anxiety and depression symptoms in medically ill populations. Developed by Zigmond and Snaith in 1983, the HADS was specifically designed for hospital and general medical settings where somatic symptoms of medical illness may

2件の出典1983

psychology of religion

I/E Religiosity Scale

The I/E Scale, originally developed by Allport and Ross in 1967, is a foundational measure in the psychology of religion that distinguishes between two motivational orientations toward religion: intrinsic (religion as end in itself, source of meaning) versus extrinsic (religion as means to social, personal, or practica

2件の出典1967

clinical psychology

IAT

The IAT is a 20-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure problematic internet use and internet addiction. Developed by Kimberly Young in 1998, it was one of the first validated screening tools for internet-related compulsive use. The IAT assesses loss of control, salience (preoccupation with internet), withdr

3件の出典1998

bereavement psychology

ICG

The Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG) is a 19-item self-report measure developed by Prigerson and colleagues in 1995 to assess complicated grief—a persistent, impairing form of grief that goes beyond typical bereavement. Designed to distinguish complicated grief from bereavement-related depression, the ICG has becom

1件の出典1995

trauma psychology

Impact of Event Scale Revised

The IES-R is a 22-item self-report scale measuring subjective distress from a specific traumatic event. Developed by Weiss and Marmar in 1997 as a revision of the original 1979 Impact of Event Scale, it assesses posttraumatic stress symptoms along three core dimensions: intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal. The scale

2件の出典1997

Implicit Association Test

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a computerized measure designed to detect automatic associations between concepts in memory, such as implicit attitudes toward social groups or implicit self-concepts. Introduced by Greenwald, McGhee, and Schwartz in 1998, it infers the strength and valence of associations from th

3件の出典1998

Insomnia Severity Index

The ISI is a 7-item self-report questionnaire designed to assess the severity of insomnia in adolescents and adults. Developed by Morin and colleagues and validated in 2001, it measures difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, early morning awakening, and daytime functional impairment due to sleep problems

3件の出典2001

social psychology

Interpersonal Reactivity Index

The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is a 28-item self-report measure developed by Mark H. Davis in 1980 to assess individual differences in empathy as a multidimensional construct. Rather than treating empathy as a single trait, the IRI measures four distinct empathic dimensions: perspective-taking, fantasy, empat

2件の出典1980

clinical psychology

Interpersonal Therapy Assessment

Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) assessment is a structured evaluation of the client's current symptoms and their interpersonal context to identify one or more core interpersonal problems (grief, disputes, role transitions, or interpersonal deficits) maintaining the client's psychological distress. Developed by Gerald Klerm

2件の出典1984

Interrater Reliability

Interrater reliability quantifies the degree to which two or more independent raters produce consistent scores when evaluating the same individuals or products. The family encompasses Cohen's kappa, introduced in 1960 for categorical judgments, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for continuous ratings, to

2件の出典1960

clinical psychology

Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale

The IUS-12 is a 12-item self-report measure of intolerance of uncertainty, a cognitive vulnerability factor underlying anxiety across multiple disorders. Developed by Carleton, Norton, and Asmundson in 2007 as short form of the original IUS-27, it measures difficulty accepting or managing uncertainty and associated anx

1件の出典2007

Iowa Gambling Task

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is a laboratory analog of real-world decision-making that measures how individuals make risky choices when outcomes are uncertain. Participants select cards from four decks, each offering different patterns of rewards and losses. The task reveals whether participants learn from experience t

3件の出典1994

social media psychology

Iowa-Netherlands Social Comparison Orientation Scale

The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) is an 11-item self-report scale that assesses individual differences in the tendency to engage in social comparison—comparing oneself to others on abilities, attributes, and outcomes. Developed by Gibbons and Buunk in 1999, it captures both upward comparison (

1件の出典1999

Item Analysis

Item analysis is the foundational psychometric procedure for evaluating the quality of individual test or scale items within the Classical Test Theory (CTT) framework, as systematised by Allen and Yen (1979) and Crocker and Algina (1986). It produces an item difficulty index, an item discrimination index, and a distrac

2件の出典1979

Item Response Theory

Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale

2件の出典1952

mindfulness psychology

Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills

The Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS) is a 39-item self-report questionnaire measuring trait mindfulness across four theoretically distinct skills: Observing, Describing, Acting with Awareness, and Accepting Without Judgment. Developed by Baer, Smith, and Allen in 2004 at the University of Kentucky, the K

1件の出典2004

clinical psychology

Kessler Psychological Distress Scale

The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10 (K10) is a 10-item self-report measure of non-specific psychological distress and mental health problems. Developed by Kessler and colleagues in 2002, the K10 was designed as an ultra-brief screening instrument for population surveys and epidemiological research. A shorter 6-

2件の出典2002

educational psychology

Kolb Learning Style Inventory

The Kolb Learning Style Inventory (LSI) is a self-report assessment based on experiential learning theory that identifies how individuals prefer to learn. Developed by David Kolb in 1984, it classifies learners into four styles—Diverging, Assimilating, Converging, and Accommodating—based on two dimensions: how informat

2件の出典1984

Latent Profile Analysis

Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) is a person-centered finite mixture modeling technique that identifies unobserved subgroups — called profiles — within a population based on patterns of scores across multiple continuous indicators. Rooted in Lazarsfeld and Henry's latent structure tradition and formally synthesized for ap

1件の出典2010

Latent Transition Analysis

Latent Transition Analysis (LTA) is a method for studying transitions between latent classes over time, developed by Collins and Lanza (2010). LTA combines latent class analysis (grouping individuals into classes) with Markovian transition models to understand how people move between qualitatively distinct states acros

3件の出典2002

Lexical Decision Task

The Lexical Decision Task is a computerized measure of word recognition and semantic processing. Participants judge whether letter strings are real words or nonwords (pronounceable but meaningless letter combinations). Response times and accuracy reveal how quickly people access word meanings, how semantic relatedness

3件の出典1971

clinical psychology

Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale

The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) is a 24-item clinician-administered scale designed to measure the severity of social anxiety and avoidance in individuals with social anxiety disorder. Developed by Michael R. Liebowitz in 1987, the LSAS has become the gold-standard instrument for assessing social phobia in cli

1件の出典1987

trauma psychology

Life Events Checklist for DSM-5

The LEC-5 is a 17-item self-report checklist assessing exposure to stressful life events that may result in PTSD or trauma-related mental health problems. Developed by Weathers and colleagues at the National Center for PTSD in 2013, the LEC-5 identifies which types of traumatic events a person has experienced, determin

2件の出典2013

positive psychology

Life Orientation Test Revised

The Life Orientation Test – Revised (LOT-R) is a 10-item measure of dispositional optimism developed by Scheier, Carver, and Bridges in 1994. It assesses the general expectancy that good things (versus bad things) will happen in the future. Optimism, as measured by the LOT-R, predicts coping success, health outcomes, a

1件の出典1994

Likert Scale Construction

Likert scale construction is a systematic methodology for developing attitude measurement instruments using summated rating scales. Introduced by Rensis Likert in 1932, it enables researchers to quantify latent constructs such as attitudes, beliefs, and psychological states by aggregating responses across multiple item

3件の出典1932

Longitudinal CFA

Longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis (longitudinal CFA) applies a theoretically specified measurement model to data collected at two or more time points. Its primary purpose is to verify that a scale measures the same latent construct in the same way over time — a prerequisite for drawing valid conclusions about c

2件の出典1970

Longitudinal Construct Validity

Longitudinal construct validity evaluates whether a psychological scale measures the same latent construct in the same way across multiple time points. It is tested by progressively constraining a confirmatory factor model across waves and comparing model fit, ensuring that observed change scores reflect genuine change

2件の出典1993

Longitudinal content validity

Longitudinal content validity evaluates whether the items of a measure adequately and consistently represent the intended content domain not only at a single point in time but across repeated administrations. It ensures that the conceptual coverage of a scale remains appropriate and stable as measurement occasions accu

2件の出典1995

Longitudinal convergent validity

Longitudinal convergent validity evaluates whether a scale's indicators correlate with theoretically related constructs not just at a single time point but consistently across repeated measurement occasions. It extends standard convergent validity testing into longitudinal designs to ensure that the scale measures the

2件の出典1997

Longitudinal Cronbach's Alpha

Longitudinal Cronbach's alpha assesses the internal consistency reliability of a scale at each wave of a repeated-measures study and examines whether that reliability remains stable across time. It is an essential step in longitudinal scale validation, ensuring that a scale measures its construct with consistent precis

2件の出典1951

Longitudinal DIF

Longitudinal differential item functioning detects whether individual test or scale items behave differently across measurement occasions for the same respondents. It extends standard DIF methodology to repeated-measures designs, ensuring that observed change scores genuinely reflect construct change rather than shifts

2件の出典1980

Longitudinal Discriminant Validity

Longitudinal discriminant validity tests whether a psychological construct measured at two or more time points is empirically distinct across occasions — ensuring that the same construct does not collapse into a single undifferentiated mass over time. It is a prerequisite for meaningful change modeling in panel and lon

2件の出典1993

Longitudinal EFA

Longitudinal EFA applies exploratory factor analysis separately at each measurement occasion — or jointly across occasions — to discover whether the same latent factor structure emerges over time and whether factor loadings remain stable across waves. It is the foundational data-driven approach for examining structural

2件の出典1970

Longitudinal Generalizability Theory

Longitudinal generalizability theory extends classical G-theory to repeated-measures and longitudinal designs, decomposing score variance across persons, measurement occasions, raters, and items simultaneously. It quantifies how reliably scores can be generalized across time points, evaluators, and conditions — informa

2件の出典1990

Longitudinal IRT

Longitudinal IRT extends classical item response theory to data collected at multiple time points, allowing researchers to model both the initial latent trait level and its change over time. It is used in educational assessment, clinical trials, and panel studies where the same items or item banks are administered repe

2件の出典1991

Longitudinal Item Analysis

Longitudinal item analysis examines how the statistical properties of individual scale items — difficulty, discrimination, factor loadings, and fit — remain stable or change systematically across repeated measurement occasions. It is the item-level foundation of longitudinal measurement validity.

2件の出典1990

Longitudinal McDonald's omega

Longitudinal McDonald's omega estimates scale reliability separately at each measurement occasion in a panel or repeated-measures study. By fitting a confirmatory factor model at each wave, it tracks how consistently a set of items measures its target construct over time, detecting erosion or improvement in measurement

2件の出典1999

Longitudinal Measurement Invariance

Longitudinal measurement invariance testing determines whether a psychological scale measures the same construct in the same way across two or more time points. It is a prerequisite for interpreting mean-level change scores in panel and repeated-measures studies, ensuring that observed change reflects true change in th

2件の出典1993

Longitudinal Nomological Validity

Longitudinal nomological validity evaluates whether a construct's theoretically predicted relationships with other constructs hold consistently across multiple measurement occasions. It extends the nomological network framework of Cronbach and Meehl (1955) to longitudinal designs, testing whether a scale behaves as the

2件の出典1955

Longitudinal Reliability Analysis

Longitudinal reliability analysis evaluates the consistency and stability of measurement instruments across two or more time points. It extends classical reliability concepts — internal consistency, test-retest stability, and measurement precision — to repeated-measures designs, ensuring that observed score changes ref

2件の出典1951

Longitudinal scale development

Longitudinal scale development is the systematic process of constructing and validating a measurement instrument using data collected at multiple time points. It extends classical scale development by additionally testing whether the scale measures the same construct in the same metric across occasions, enabling valid

2件の出典1990

Longitudinal Test-Retest Reliability

Longitudinal test-retest reliability quantifies how consistently a scale or measure performs across two or more time points in a longitudinal study. It extends the classic test-retest paradigm by accounting for planned, often substantive, time lags between waves — making it essential for validating instruments used in

2件の出典1904

forensic psychology

LSI-R

The Level of Service Inventory-Revised (LSI-R) is a 54-item assessment instrument developed by Andrews and Bonta (1995) to measure offender risk level and criminogenic needs (dynamic risk factors related to criminal behavior) in criminal justice populations. It is grounded in the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model of o

2件の出典1995

social psychology

Maslach Burnout Inventory

The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is the most widely used instrument for measuring occupational burnout—a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment in response to chronic workplace stress. Developed by Christina Maslach and Susan Jackson in the early 1980s, the MBI has b

3件の出典1981

educational psychology

Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale

The Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS) is a self-report instrument measuring the degree of anxiety students experience in mathematical situations. Developed by Richardson and Suinn (1972) and revised by Plake and Parker (1995), it assesses emotional and physiological responses to math learning and performance. Mat

2件の出典1972

neuropsychology

Mattis Dementia Rating Scale

The Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) is a comprehensive 36-item clinician-administered neuropsychological battery designed to assess and quantify cognitive decline in dementia. Developed by Sandra Mattis in 1988, the DRS measures five major cognitive domains—attention, initiation/perseveration, construction, conceptu

3件の出典1988

mindfulness psychology

MBSR Adherence Scale

The MBSR Adherence Scale assesses participant engagement and attendance in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) programs, measuring both quantitative adherence (class attendance, home practice frequency) and qualitative engagement (perceived benefit, difficulty, motivation). Developed iteratively by MBSR researche

2件の出典2005

McDonald's Omega

McDonald's hierarchical omega (ωh) is a coefficient derived from a bifactor confirmatory factor model that quantifies what proportion of total-score variance is attributable to a single general factor rather than to group-specific factors or item-level error. Introduced by Roderick P. McDonald (1999) and elaborated for

2件の出典1999

McDonald's Omega

McDonald's omega is a factor-analysis-based reliability coefficient introduced by Roderick P. McDonald (1999) that quantifies the internal consistency of a composite score without requiring the restrictive assumption that all items contribute equally to the latent factor. It yields two complementary indices: ω_total, w

2件の出典1999

MCP Penalized Regression

MCP (Minimax Concave Penalty) is a variable selection method developed by Zhang (2010) that uses a concave penalty function for automated feature selection. Like SCAD, MCP addresses bias in lasso by avoiding shrinkage of large coefficients, but uses a different penalty shape that is computationally simpler than SCAD.

3件の出典2010

positive psychology

Meaning in Life Questionnaire

The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) is a 10-item self-report measure developed by Steger and colleagues in 2006 to assess both the presence of meaning and the active search for meaning in life. It addresses a core existential dimension of well-being: the degree to which individuals experience their life as purposef

1件の出典2006

Measurement Invariance

Measurement invariance testing is a sequence of nested confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models that examines whether a psychological scale measures the same latent construct in the same way across distinct groups or time points. Systematized and popularized by Vandenberg and Lance (2000), the procedure tests a hierar

1件の出典2000

social media psychology

Media Literacy Questionnaire

The Media Literacy Questionnaire is a self-report instrument that assesses individuals' critical abilities regarding digital media: evaluating source credibility, identifying misinformation, recognizing advertising and algorithmic influence, and understanding media ownership and bias. Developed by Wilson and colleagues

1件の出典2018

political psychology

Media Trust Scale

The Media Trust Scale measures audience confidence in news media credibility, including perceptions of accuracy, fairness, completeness, and journalists' motivations. Developed by West (1994) and extended by Kiousis (2001), the scale captures both medium-specific trust (trust in TV news vs. newspapers vs. online news)

3件の出典1994

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