शैक्षिक प्रक्रिया: विद्यालय दृष्टिकोण
यह क्षेत्र विद्यालय को एक संगठन के रूप में अध्ययन करता है — उसकी संरचना, नेतृत्व, संस्कृति और प्रबंधन।
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Scope
इसमें विद्यालय संगठन और अभिशासन, शैक्षिक नेतृत्व और प्रशासन, विद्यालय संस्कृति और वातावरण, तथा विद्यालय प्रभावशीलता और सुधार सम्मिलित हैं।
Sub-topics
- Student Characteristics
- School Councils
- Teacher Participation
- Advisory Committees
- Preschool Evaluation
- Search Committees (Personnel)
- Teacher Morale
- Program Attitudes
- Program Design
- Textbook Selection
- Student Government
- Student Teacher Attitudes
- Student Teacher Evaluation
- Teacher Background
- Teacher Selection
- Teacher Burnout
- Institutional Characteristics
- Academic Probation
- Academic Records
- Academic Standards
- School Activities
- School Violence
- School Turnaround
- Student Evaluation
- Curriculum Design
- Curriculum Development
- Guided Pathways
- Teacher Qualifications
- Teacher Recruitment
- Academic Rank (Professional)
- Majors (Students)
- Ancillary School Services
- Related Services (Special Education)
- Student Transportation
- Teacher Characteristics
- Grade Repetition
- Social Promotion
- Student Promotion
- Educational Environment
- Faculty College Relationship
- Program Content
- Attendance
- Attendance Patterns
- School Holding Power
- Student School Relationship
- Faculty Promotion
- Teacher Promotion
- Recordkeeping
- Student Records
- Admission (School)
- Admission Criteria
- Grade Inflation
- Program Implementation
- Instructional Leadership
- School Based Management
- Pass Fail Grading
- Beginning Teacher Induction
- Teacher Orientation
- Inservice Teacher Education
- Student Needs
- School Construction
- Case Records
- Advanced Placement Programs
- Age Grade Placement
- Flexible Scheduling
- Dress Codes
- Student Placement
- School Policy
- Textbook Evaluation
- Computer Oriented Programs
- School Expansion
- Organizational Climate
- Bus Transportation
- Organization Size (Groups)
- Organizational Communication
- Enrollment
- Program Development
- Confidential Records
- School Safety
- Emergency Programs
- Curriculum Implementation
- Teacher Student Ratio
- College Environment
- Teacher Attitudes
- Teacher Evaluation
- School Shops
- School Space
- Organizational Objectives
- Program Effectiveness
- Peer Evaluation
- Validated Programs
- Staff Development
- Teacher Discipline
- College Governing Councils
- College Planning
- College Enrollment
- Institutional Evaluation
- College Instruction
- Institutional Environment
- Faculty Development
- Faculty Organizations
- Graduation
- College Programs
- Teacher Collaboration
- Advanced Placement
- Comprehensive Programs
- Merit Rating
- Systems Development
- Critical Path Method
- Systems Approach
- Dropout Prevention
- Dropout Programs
- Student Adjustment
- Teacher Dismissal
- Student Teaching
- Scheduling
- Staff Role
- Course Selection (Students)
- Curriculum Evaluation
- Program Evaluation
- Student Evaluation of Teacher Performance
- Program Improvement
- Experimental Programs
- Student College Relationship
- Teacher Role
- School Uniforms
- Institutional Mission
- School Orientation
- Noninstructional Responsibility
- Full Time Equivalency
- Improvement Programs
- School Maintenance
- Administration
- Administrative Change
- Administrative Organization
- Administrative Policy
- Administrative Principles
- Administrator Responsibility
- Administrator Role
- Management Systems
- Student Organizations
- Organizational Effectiveness
- Quality Circles
- Staff Utilization
- Faculty Recruitment
- Staff Orientation
- Organizational Change
- Publish or Perish Issue
- Staff Meetings
- Organizational Development
- School Organization
- Program Termination
- Administrator Attitudes
- Administrator Behavior
- Administrator Characteristics
- Administrator Evaluation
- Administrator Qualifications
- Nongraded Student Evaluation
- Management Development
- Faculty Evaluation
- Teacher Administrator Relationship
- Faculty Workload
- Teacher Responsibility
- School Catalogs
- School Registration
- Student Recruitment
- Enrollment Influences
- Student Attitudes
- Special Programs
- Teacher Leadership
- Student Role
- Career Pathways
Core questions
- विद्यालय संस्थाओं के रूप में कैसे संगठित हैं?
- शैक्षिक नेतृत्व कैसे कार्य करता है?
- विद्यालयों को प्रभावशाली क्या बनाता है?
- विद्यालय संस्कृति परिणामों को कैसे आकार देती है?
Key concepts
- विद्यालय संगठन
- शैक्षिक नेतृत्व
- विद्यालय संस्कृति
- नौकरशाही (Bureaucracy)
- विद्यालय प्रभावशीलता
- अभिशासन (Governance)
Key theories
- संगठन के रूप में विद्यालय
- Bidwell ने विद्यालय को एक विशिष्ट औपचारिक संगठन के रूप में विश्लेषित किया, और Weber की नौकरशाही ने उसकी संरचना को रूपरेखित किया।
- शिक्षण का समाजशास्त्र
- Waller ने विद्यालयों को अपनी संस्कृति और द्वंद्वों वाले सामाजिक संसारों के रूप में अध्ययन करने की पहल की।
History
विद्यालयों का संगठनात्मक अध्ययन Weberian नौकरशाही और Waller के शिक्षण समाजशास्त्र पर आधारित है, और विद्यालय-प्रभावशीलता, नेतृत्व एवं सुधार शोध के रूप में विकसित हुआ।
Debates
- नौकरशाही बनाम व्यावसायिक स्वायत्तता
- प्रशासनिक नियंत्रण और शिक्षकों के व्यावसायिक विवेक के बीच संतुलन कैसे स्थापित किया जाए।
Key figures
- Willard Waller
- Max Weber
- Charles Bidwell
Related topics
Seminal works
- waller-1932
- weber-1922-school
- bidwell-1965
Frequently asked questions
- यह क्षेत्र क्या अध्ययन करता है?
- विद्यालय को एक संगठन के रूप में — उसकी संरचना, नेतृत्व, संस्कृति और प्रबंधन — अर्थात् शैक्षिक प्रशासन और विद्यालय संगठन।