课程组织
课程研究关注教什么以及如何加以组织——涉及课程的设计、内容、排序与理论。
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Scope
本领域涵盖课程设计与目标、学科内容的结构、隐性课程，以及课程理论与改革。
Sub-topics
- Courses
- Field Experience Programs
- Field Trips
- Vacation Programs
- After School Programs
- College Curriculum
- Alignment (Education)
- External Degree Programs
- Time to Degree
- Intellectual Disciplines
- Work Experience Programs
- Curriculum
- Unified Studies Curriculum
- Online Courses
- Mass Instruction
- Field Instruction
- Learning Trajectories
- Internship Programs
- Academic Support Services
- After School Education
- Continuous Progress Plan
- Extended School Day
- Supplementary Education
- Advanced Courses
- Block Scheduling
- School Schedules
- Time Blocks
- Residential Programs
- Summer Programs
- Seminars
- Career Academies
- House Plan
- Integrated Curriculum
- Job Shadowing
- First Year Seminars
- Flexible Progression
- Nongraded Instructional Grouping
- Institutes (Training Programs)
- Workshops
- Correspondence Study
- Core Curriculum
- National Curriculum
- Day Programs
- Activity Units
- Capstone Experiences
- Departments
- Open Education
- MOOCs
- Experimental Curriculum
- Telephone Instruction
- Elementary School Curriculum
- Preschool Curriculum
- STEM Education
- Weekend Programs
- Fused Curriculum
- Spiral Curriculum
- Extended School Year
- Quarter System
- Summer Schools
- Year Round Schools
- Program Length
- Study Abroad
- Secondary School Curriculum
- Home Instruction
- Teacher Workshops
- Extension Education
- Evening Programs
Core questions
- 应当教授什么，理由何在？
- 课程应如何组织与排序？
- 教学目标如何设定并与评估相衔接？
- 课程传递了哪些价值观？
Key concepts
- 课程设计
- 教学目标
- 范围与序列
- 隐性课程
- 螺旋式课程
- 学科结构
Key theories
- 科学课程编制
- Bobbitt 将科学管理原理应用于以目标为导向的课程设计。
- 泰勒原理
- Tyler 围绕目标、学习经验、组织与评价四个维度构建了课程框架。
- 学科结构
- Bruner 主张课程应教授学科的基本结构，且可在任何年龄以诚实的方式加以呈现。
History
课程研究从科学课程编制（Bobbitt）与泰勒原理发展至学科结构论（Bruner），此后经历了再概念化运动与批判性课程理论的兴起。
Debates
- 以目标为本的课程与生成性课程之争
- 课程应围绕预设目标严格规划，还是允许学习者驱动的生成性内容，二者之间存在持续争议。
Key figures
- Franklin Bobbitt
- Ralph Tyler
- Jerome Bruner
Related topics
Seminal works
- bobbitt-1918
- tyler-1949
- bruner-1960
Frequently asked questions
- 什么是泰勒原理？
- 一种课程设计框架，围绕目标、学习经验、组织与评价四个维度加以构建。