ScholarGate
גילוי
ספרייההספרייה שלישולחןבדיקה מקדימהReview Studioעוזר
סביבת עבודה
השוואה
בנו את מדף הספרים שלכם

שמרו שיטות, ארגנו אוספים וקחו אותם אל השולחן שלכם.

יצירת חשבון
ספרייה / עיון
התחברות
הספרייה

חקרו את המדע לפי שיטה, תחום וראיות.

קטלוג אחד של שיטות מחקר — למדו איך כל שיטה פועלת, מתי להשתמש בה ומה היא לא יכולה לעשות.

6,527 שיטות11 תחומים7 משפחות שיטות40 שפות
אטלס המדעמפו את מבנה המדע לפני שאתם משתמשים בו.תחומים · שיטות · מסלולי ראיותחקרו את המפה
תחוםHealth & Medicine716Psychology570Business & Finance410Engineering330Life Sciences263Education261Research Practice248
ScholarGate

ספריית עיון ממוקדת תוכן לשיטות מחקר — מהי כל שיטה, איך היא פועלת ומאין היא באה.

נתונים פתוחים (CC-BY)

גילוי

  • ספרייה
  • חיפוש שיטות…
  • עיון לפי תחום
  • תחומים
  • מסע
  • השוואה
  • איזו שיטה?

עיון

  • תחומים
  • מפה
  • מילון מונחים
  • מתודולוגיה
  • פילוסופיה

סביבת עבודה

  • הספרייה שלי
  • שולחן
  • צ׳אט

חברה

  • אודות
  • תמחור
  • יצירת קשר
  • הצעת שיטה

הערכים מלוקטים ממקורות שפורסמו לצורכי עיון. אימות הדיוק וההתאמה של כל מידע לשימושך שלך נותר באחריותך.

© 2026 ScholarGate · ספריית עיון לשיטות מחקר
  • פרטיות
  • עוגיות
  • תנאי שימוש
  • מחיקת חשבון
Natural Sciences236
Social Sciences185
Environment & Sustainability160
Law30
שיטהסטטיסטיקה1,836בינה מלאכותית ולמידת מכונה1,661מדעי ההחלטה932שיטות מחקר1,354מדידה1,745סיבתיות וראיות532פרקטיקת מחקר118
852 שיטות · מדעי ההחלטהניקוי
שיטות אמיתיות התואמות את המסנן שלכם.
מיוןפופולריותא–תת–אהחדשות ביותר
decision making

GREY-PROMETHEE

GREY-PROMETHEE (Grey-PROMETHEE — Grey extension of PROMETHEE) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Li, P., Wei, C. in 2011. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2011
decision making

GREY-SAW

GREY-SAW (Grey-SAW — Grey extension of SAW) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Fishburn, P. C. in 1967. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור1967
decision making

GREY-TODIM

GREY-TODIM (Grey-TODIM — Grey extension of TODIM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Gomes, L. F. A. M., Lima, M. M. P. P. in 1992. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור1992
decision making

GREY-TOPSIS

GREY-TOPSIS (Grey-TOPSIS — Grey extension of TOPSIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zavadskas, E. K., Turskis, Z., Bagocius, V. in 2015. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2015
decision making

GREY-VIKOR

GREY-VIKOR (Grey-VIKOR — Grey extension of VIKOR) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Chang, C. L., Liu, P. H., Wei, C. C. in 2001. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2001
decision making

GREY-WASPAS

GREY-WASPAS (Grey-WASPAS — Grey extension of WASPAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zavadskas, E. K., Turskis, Z., Antucheviciene, J., Zakarevicius, A. in 2012. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2012
control theory

Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation

The Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation is a partial differential equation characterizing the optimal cost-to-go function in dynamic programming. Developed by Bellman in 1957, HJB provides both necessary and sufficient conditions for optimality, enabling elegant theoretical analysis and numerical solutions for optim

2 מקורות1957
optimization

Harmony Search

Harmony Search (HS) is a population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm introduced by Geem, Kim, and Loganathan in 2001. It mimics the improvisation process of jazz musicians seeking a perfect state of harmony, using three operators — memory consideration, pitch adjustment, and random selection — to generate can

2 מקורות2001
optimization

Harris Hawks Optimization

Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) is a metaheuristic algorithm introduced by Heidari et al. in 2019, inspired by the hunting strategies of Harris's hawks. The algorithm models the cooperative hunting behavior and escape strategies of these raptors to solve complex optimization problems. HHO balances exploration through p

1 מקור2019
decision making

Haversine Distance

Haversine distance measures the great-circle distance between two points on a sphere given their latitude and longitude coordinates. Popularized by Roger Sinnott in 1984, this formula computes the shortest distance between two points on Earth's surface, accounting for the planet's spherical geometry. It ranges from 0 (

2 מקורות1984
clinical psychology

Health Anxiety Inventory

The Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI) is a 14-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure health anxiety and health-related worry, including concerns about having serious illness, fear of dying, and preoccupation with bodily symptoms. Developed by Salkovskis, Rimes, Warwick, and Clark in 2002, the HAI has become a

1 מקור2002
decision making

Hellinger Distance

Hellinger distance is a symmetric, bounded metric that measures the difference between two probability distributions. Rooted in the work of Ernst Hellinger (1909) and later formalized in statistical divergence by Anil Bhattacharyya (1946), this distance ranges from 0 (identical distributions) to 1. It is a true metric

2 מקורות1909
decision making

HELLWIG

HELLWIG (Hellwig's Method — Development Pattern) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Hellwig, Z. in 1968. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור1968
decision making

HERONIAN-MEAN

HERONIAN-MEAN (Heronian Mean (HM)) is a aggregation multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yu, D. in 2012. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2012
decision making

HF-AHP

HF-AHP (Hesitant Fuzzy AHP (AHP-Hesitant Group Decision Making via HMPM)) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhu, B., Xu, Z. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2014
decision making

HF-ARAS

HF-ARAS (Hesitant Fuzzy Additive Ratio Assessment) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Mishra, A. R., Rani, P., Krishankumar, R., Ravichandran, K. S., Kar, S. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2021
decision making

HF-CODAS

HF-CODAS (Hesitant extension of HF-CODAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Torra, V. in 2010. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2010
decision making

HF-COPRAS

HF-COPRAS (Hesitant Fuzzy Complex Proportional Assessment) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Mishra, A.R., Rani, P., Pardasani, K.R. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2018
decision making

HF-DFT

HF-DFT (Hesitant Fuzzy Decision Field Theory (Song-Xu 2021)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Song, C. Zhang, Y. Xu, Z. S. Hao, Z. Wang, X. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2019
decision making

HF-EDAS

HF-EDAS (Hesitant Fuzzy EDAS (Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Kutlu Gündoğdu, F.; Kahraman, C.; Civan, H. (HF-EDAS); Keshavarz Ghorabaee, M. et al. 2015 (base EDAS); Yu, D. 2014 (TFHFS value-space) in 2018. It turns a decision

1 מקור2018
decision making

HF-ELECTRE-I

HF-ELECTRE-I (HF-ELECTRE I — Hesitant Fuzzy ELECTRE I (Chen-Xu-Xia 2015)) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Chen, N. Xu, Z. S. Xia, M. M. in 2015. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2015
decision making

HF-ELECTRE-II

HF-ELECTRE-II (HF-ELECTRE II — Hesitant Fuzzy ELECTRE II (Chen-Xu 2015)) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Chen, N. Xu, Z. S. in 2015. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2015
decision making

HF-GRA

HF-GRA (Hesitant Fuzzy Grey Relational Analysis) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Li, X., Wei, G. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2014
decision making

HF-MABAC

HF-MABAC (Hesitant Fuzzy Multi-Attributive Border Approximation area Comparison) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Mishra, A.R., Saha, A., Rani, P., Pamucar, D., Dutta, D., Hezam, I.M. in 2022. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured

1 מקור2022
decision making

HF-MARCOS

HF-MARCOS (Hesitant Fuzzy MARCOS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Li, G., Geng, X., Yuan, Y. in 2020 crisp; 2023 variant applicator. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2020
decision making

HF-MAXSCORE-PORT

HF-MAXSCORE-PORT (HF-MaxScore-Portfolio — Hesitant Fuzzy Maximum-Score Portfolio Selection (Zhou-Xu 2018)) is a portfolio multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhou, W. Xu, Z. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2018
decision making

HF-MOORA

HF-MOORA (Hesitant Fuzzy Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Li, Z.-H. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2014
decision making

HF-QUALIFLEX

HF-QUALIFLEX (Hesitant Fuzzy extension of QUALIFLEX) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhang, Z. X. Xu, Z. S. in 2015. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2015
decision making

HF-SAW

HF-SAW (Hesitant extension of HF-SAW) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Torra, V. in 2010. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2010
decision making

HF-TODIM

HF-TODIM (Hesitant Fuzzy TODIM via new measure function Z_δ (Zhang-Xu 2016 ITOR)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhang, Y., Xu, Z. in 2016. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2016
decision making

HF-TOPSIS

HF-TOPSIS (Hesitant Fuzzy TOPSIS with optional incomplete weight information (Xu-Zhang 2013 KBS)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Xu, Z., Zhang, X. in 2013. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2013
decision making

HF-TRADEOFF-PORT

HF-TRADEOFF-PORT (HF-TradeOff-Portfolio — Hesitant Fuzzy Score-Deviation Trade-Off Portfolio Selection (Zhou-Xu 2018)) is a portfolio multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhou, W. Xu, Z. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible

1 מקור2018
decision making

HF-VIKOR

HF-VIKOR (Hesitant Fuzzy VIKOR (Liao-Xu 2013)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by ? in 2013. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2013
decision making

HF-WASPAS

HF-WASPAS (Hesitant Fuzzy Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Mishra, A.R., Rani, P., Pardasani, K.R., Mardani, A. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2019
decision making

HFEA

HFEA (Hesitant Fuzzy Envelopment Analysis (DHFEA / SHFEA, Zhou-Chen-Xu-Meng 2018)) is a dea multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhou, W. Chen, J. Xu, Z. S. Meng, S. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2018
decision making

HFGPE

HFGPE (Hesitant Fuzzy Generalized Peer-Evaluation (strategy-blended cross-efficiency with BFM, Zhou-Chen-Xu-Meng 2018)) is a dea multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhou, W. Chen, J. Xu, Z. S. Meng, S. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structur

1 מקור2018
decision making

HFL-AHP

HFL-AHP (Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic AHP (HFLTS-envelope family: Yavuz 2015 + Özdağoğlu 2018)) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yavuz, M., Öztaysi, B., Çevik Onar, S., Kahraman, C. in 2015. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a struc

1 מקור2015
decision making

HFL-CODAS

HFL-CODAS (Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic CODAS (HFLTS-envelope, Combinative Distance-based Assessment)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yalçın, N., Pehlivan, N.Y. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2019
decision making

HFL-MABAC

HFL-MABAC (Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Projection-Based MABAC with Bonferroni Mean (Sun et al. 2018)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Sun, R., Hu, J., Zhou, J., Chen, X. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible

1 מקור2018
decision making

HFL-PROMETHEE

HFL-PROMETHEE (Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic PROMETHEE (Liang-Wang-Zhang 2018)) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Liang, R. X. Wang, J. Q. Zhang, H. Y. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2018
decision making

HFLPR-PRIORITY

HFLPR-PRIORITY (Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Preference Relation Priority Programming (Ren-Zhu-Xu 2018)) is a preference relations multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Ren, P. J. Zhu, B. Xu, Z. S. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, repro

1 מקור2018
decision making

HFPE

HFPE (Hesitant Fuzzy Peer-Evaluation (benevolent / aggressive cross-efficiency, Zhou-Chen-Xu-Meng 2018)) is a dea multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhou, W. Chen, J. Xu, Z. S. Meng, S. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducibl

1 מקור2018
decision making

HFPEA

HFPEA (Hesitant Fuzzy Preference Envelopment Analysis (DHFPEA / SHFPEA, Zhou-Chen-Xu-Meng 2018)) is a dea multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhou, W. Chen, J. Xu, Z. S. Meng, S. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result

1 מקור2018
otolaryngology

HHIA

The Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA) is a 25-item self-report questionnaire that quantifies the functional and emotional effects of hearing loss on daily life, work, and psychosocial well-being. Developed by Newman, Weinstein, Jacobson, and Hug in 1990, the HHIA is the most widely used hearing-specific qual

1 מקור1990
integrative medicine

Holistic Caring Inventory

The Holistic Caring Inventory (HCI) is a clinical assessment tool measuring nurses' and healthcare providers' capacity to deliver holistic, person-centered care that integrates physical, emotional, spiritual, and social dimensions. Developed in the context of Watson's theory of human caring, it operationalizes the phil

2 מקורות1998
optimization

Honey Badger Algorithm

The Honey Badger Algorithm (HBA) is a nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithm presented by Hashim et al. in 2023, modeled on the hunting behavior and intelligent strategies of honey badgers (Mellivora capensis). Honey badgers are known for their remarkable problem-solving abilities, fearlessness, and persi

1 מקור2023
experimental design

Hybrid Six Sigma DMAIC

Hybrid Six Sigma DMAIC combines the rigorous five-phase DMAIC cycle (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) with complementary methodologies — most commonly Lean principles, Agile practices, or Design Thinking — to address quality defects and process inefficiencies simultaneously. By integrating speed-focused tool

2 מקורות1980
optimization

Hyper-Heuristics

Hyper-heuristics are high-level methodologies that search over a space of heuristics rather than directly over the space of solutions. Introduced systematically by Burke et al. (2013) in their landmark survey, hyper-heuristics operate by selecting or generating low-level heuristics to solve hard combinatorial optimisat

1 מקור2013
endocrinology

Hyperthyroidism Symptom Checklist

The Hyperthyroidism Symptom Checklist is a structured assessment tool for quantifying the symptom burden of Graves' disease and other thyrotoxicosis conditions. It captures the multisystem manifestations of excess thyroid hormone: cardiovascular (palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmia), neuropsychiatric (anxiety, tremor

2 מקורות1997
bereavement psychology

ICG

The Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG) is a 19-item self-report measure developed by Prigerson and colleagues in 1995 to assess complicated grief—a persistent, impairing form of grief that goes beyond typical bereavement. Designed to distinguish complicated grief from bereavement-related depression, the ICG has becom

1 מקור1995
decision making

IDOCRIW

IDOCRIW (Integrated Determination of Objective CRIteria Weights) is a weight objective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zavadskas, E. K., Podvezko, V. in 2012. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2012
decision making

IF-ARAS

IF-ARAS (Intuitionistic Fuzzy ARAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור1986
decision making

IF-COCOSO

IF-COCOSO (IF-CoCoSo — Intuitionistic extension of COCOSO) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור1986
decision making

IF-CODAS

IF-CODAS (TIF-CODAS — Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Group CODAS (TIFN-CODAS)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Daami Remadi, F., Moalla Frikha, H. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2020
decision making

IF-CODAS-SORT

IF-CODAS-SORT (Intuitionistic Fuzzy CODAS-SORT (sorting via Euclidean+Hamming relative assessment)) is a sorting multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Ouhibi, A. Moalla Frikha, H. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2021
decision making

IF-COPRAS

IF-COPRAS (Intuitionistic extension of COPRAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור1986
decision making

IF-DFT

IF-DFT (Intuitionistic Fuzzy Decision Field Theory (Hao-Xu-Zhao-Zhang 2017)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Hao, Z. N. Xu, Z. S. Zhao, H. Zhang, R. in 2017. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור2017
decision making

IF-EDAS

IF-EDAS (Intuitionistic Fuzzy EDAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור1986
decision making

IF-ENTROPY

IF-ENTROPY (Intuitionistic Fuzzy Entropy Weight Method (Vlachos-Sergiadis 2007 entropy measure as applied by Hung-Chen 2010)) is a weight objective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structure

1 מקור1986
decision making

IF-GRA

IF-GRA (Intuitionistic extension of GRA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Atanassov, K. T. in 1986. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 מקור1986
← 56 / 157 →