Regression model

Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)

Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) is the canonical method for estimating the parameters of a linear regression model by minimizing the sum of squared differences between observed and predicted values. First published by Adrien-Marie Legendre in 1805 and independently developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss (who claimed priority from 1795), OLS is provably optimal under the Gauss-Markov theorem: given its assumptions, it yields the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator (BLUE) of the regression coefficients.

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Sources

  1. Legendre, A.-M. (1805). Nouvelles méthodes pour la détermination des orbites des comètes. Firmin Didot, Paris. [Appendix: Sur la Méthode des moindres quarrés, pp. 72–80.] link
  2. Gauss, C. F. (1809). Theoria Motus Corporum Coelestium in Sectionibus Conicis Solem Ambientium. Perthes & Besser, Hamburg. link
  3. Wooldridge, J. M. (2019). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1337558860
  4. Greene, W. H. (2018). Econometric Analysis (8th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0134461366

Related methods

Referenced by

ScholarGateOrdinary Least Squares (Ordinary Least Squares Regression). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/tr/statistics/ordinary-least-squares