Regression modelEconometrics / time series
Panel Data Analysis
Panel data analysis models data that track multiple units — countries, firms, individuals — over time, enabling researchers to control for unobserved unit-level heterogeneity that would otherwise bias cross-sectional or time-series estimates. The two core specifications are fixed effects and random effects, selected via the Hausman test.
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Sources
- Baltagi, B. H. (2021). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data (6th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-3030539528
- Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification tests in econometrics. Econometrica, 46(6), 1251–1271. DOI: 10.2307/1913827 ↗