Transformational Leadership Scale
The Transformational Leadership Scale (TLS), operationalized in the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), was developed by Bass and Avolio (1985, 1991) to measure leadership styles across a continuum from transactional to transformational. Transformational leadership comprises four dimensions: idealized influence (role modeling and inspiration), inspirational motivation (articulating compelling vision), intellectual stimulation (encouraging innovation), and individualized consideration (personalized development). The scale has become foundational in organizational psychology and management research for understanding leadership effectiveness and organizational outcomes.
源记录
引文逐字复制自方法源记录。这些引文不代表任何层级的验证。
- Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: The Free Press. · ISBN 978-0029015001
- Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1991). The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Form 5X. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. · URL
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