Process / pipelineEngineering methods

Box-Behnken Design — Three-Level Response Surface Methodology

The Box-Behnken design (BBD) is an efficient response surface methodology design that fits a full second-order polynomial model using three levels of each factor. Introduced by Box and Behnken in 1960, it places experimental points at the midpoints of the edges of a hypercube and at the center, avoiding the corner points where all factors are simultaneously at their extreme levels. This structure makes BBD particularly attractive when extreme-level combinations are physically impossible, costly, or unsafe to test.

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Sources

  1. Box, G. E. P., & Behnken, D. W. (1960). Some new three level designs for the study of quantitative variables. Technometrics, 2(4), 455–475. DOI: 10.1080/00401706.1960.10489912
  2. Myers, R. H., Montgomery, D. C., & Anderson-Cook, C. M. (2016). Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118916025

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Referenced by

ScholarGateBox-Behnken Design (Box-Behnken Response Surface Design). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/tr/experimental-design/box-behnken-design