Baxter-King Band-Pass Filter

The Baxter-King (BK) band-pass filter, introduced by Marianne Baxter and Robert King in 1999, is a linear symmetric moving-average filter designed to isolate cyclical fluctuations in macroeconomic time series that fall within a specified range of periodicities. It removes both very low-frequency trends and very high-frequency noise, retaining only the business-cycle component—typically oscillations with a period of six to thirty-two quarters for quarterly data.