Process / pipelineStatistical process control
属性控制图 (p, np, c, u)
属性控制图将Shewhart框架扩展到计数和比例数据——这些质量特性是分类而非测量的。p图和np图使用二项分布监控不合格品（缺陷品）的比例或数量，而c图和u图使用泊松分布监控每单位的缺陷数量。当检验产生的是“合格/不合格”或缺陷计数而非连续测量值时，它们是标准的统计过程控制工具。
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来源
- Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. D. Van Nostrand Company. ISBN: 978-0-87389-076-2
- Montgomery, D. C. (2009). Introduction to Statistical Quality Control (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0-470-16992-6
如何引用本页
ScholarGate. (2026, June 2). Attributes Control Charts (p, np, c, u). ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/zh/statistics/attributes-control-chart
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