Process / pipelineprobabilistic-inference
贝叶斯统计推断
贝叶斯推断是一种统计框架,它利用贝叶斯定理在数据累积时更新关于参数或假设的信念。托马斯·贝叶斯(Thomas Bayes)于1763年遗世出版的著作,直到20世纪计算能力的进步(吉布斯采样、马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛法)使贝叶斯方法变得可行后,才逐渐为人所知。与频率学派推断(将参数视为固定未知数)不同,贝叶斯分析将参数视为具有概率分布的随机变量,从而能够直接陈述关于参数的概率、纳入先验知识以及进行序贯更新。这在精准医疗、适应性试验、复杂分层模型以及任何先验信息能够丰富推断的场景中都至关重要。
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来源
- Bayes, T. (1763). An essay towards solving a problem in the doctrine of chances. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 53, 370–418. link ↗
- Gelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., & Rubin, D. B. (2013). Bayesian Data Analysis (3rd ed.). CRC Press. DOI: 10.1201/b16018 ↗
- Kruschke, J. K. (2015). Doing Bayesian Data Analysis: A Tutorial with R, JAGS, and Stan (2nd ed.). Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405888-0.00008-8 ↗
如何引用本页
ScholarGate. (2026, June 4). Bayesian Methods in Statistical Analysis. ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/zh/research-statistics/bayesian-statistics
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