Regression modelQuasi-experimental / causal inference
Panel Data Instrumental Variables (Panel IV / 2SLS)
Panel data instrumental variables combines the bias-correcting power of instrumental variables (IV) with the within-unit variation exploited by panel data methods. It addresses endogeneity — omitted variables, reverse causation, or measurement error — in longitudinal settings where observations are repeated across units and time. Seminal contributions come from Hausman (1978) on specification testing and Arellano and Bond (1991) on GMM-based panel IV.
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Sources
- Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations. Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277-297. DOI: 10.2307/2297968 ↗
- Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification tests in econometrics. Econometrica, 46(6), 1251-1271. DOI: 10.2307/1913827 ↗