เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	ทฤษฎีฐานรากภาคสนาม	ชาติพันธุ์วรรณนา	ทฤษฎีฐานราก
สาขาวิชา	เชิงคุณภาพ	เชิงคุณภาพ	การวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1967 (original GT); field-based variant developed through 1980s–2000s	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)	1967
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Kathy Charmaz (constructivist extension); Barney Glaser & Anselm Strauss (original grounded theory)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
ประเภท	Qualitative research design and analysis approach	Qualitative fieldwork tradition	Method
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761973539	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	constructivist grounded theory, ethnographic grounded theory, situational grounded theory, field grounded theory	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	6	5	3
สรุป	Field-based grounded theory integrates sustained fieldwork — participant observation, field notes, and naturalistic data collection — with the iterative coding and theoretical sampling procedures of classic grounded theory. Where standard grounded theory typically relies on interview transcripts, the field-based variant anchors theory generation in direct, prolonged observation of naturally occurring social processes in context. The result is a substantive theory that is grounded in both what people say and what they actually do in their everyday settings.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.