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	Škála kvality služieb SERVQUAL	Americký index spokojnosti zákazníkov (ACSI)	Škála SERVPERF
Odbor	Marketingový manažment	Marketingový manažment	Marketingový manažment
Rodina	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Rok vzniku	1988	1996	1992
Tvorca	A. Parasuraman, Valerie A. Zeithaml, Leonard L. Berry	Claes Fornell, Michael D. Johnson, Eugene W. Anderson, Jaesung Cha, Barbara E. Bryant	Joseph J. Cronin Jr., Steven A. Taylor
Typ	Multi-dimensional service quality scale	Structural equation model for satisfaction and loyalty	Performance-only service quality scale
Pôvodný zdroj	Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A Multiple-Item Scale for Measuring Consumer Perceptions of Service Quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12-40.	Fornell, C., Johnson, M. D., Anderson, E. W., Cha, J., & Bryant, B. E. (1996). The American Customer Satisfaction Index: Nature, Purpose, and Findings. Journal of Marketing, 60(4), 7-18.	Cronin, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring Service Quality: A Reexamination and Extension. Journal of Marketing, 56(3), 55-68.
Ďalšie názvy	Service Quality Instrument, Gap Model	ACSI, National Customer Satisfaction Index	Perception-Only Service Quality Scale, SERVPERF-Performance Model
Príbuzné	4	4	4
Zhrnutie	SERVQUAL is a 22-item, multi-dimensional scale developed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry in 1988 to measure consumer perceptions of service quality. It captures the gap between customer expectations and actual service performance across five core dimensions: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. The instrument has become the most widely used tool for service quality assessment in marketing research and practice.	The American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI), developed by Fornell and colleagues in 1996, is a structural equation modeling-based approach to measuring and predicting customer satisfaction across industries and over time. ACSI assesses customer expectations, perceived value, perceived quality, complaints, and loyalty in a unified framework. Since 1994, ACSI data has been collected quarterly on thousands of customers across diverse U.S. industries, making it a key economic indicator and benchmark for organizational performance.	SERVPERF, developed by Cronin and Taylor in 1992, is a streamlined service quality measurement instrument that evaluates perceived service performance only, without the expectation component. Using 22 items identical in content to SERVQUAL but applied to perception alone, SERVPERF reduces survey burden while maintaining dimensional coverage of Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. Empirical evidence suggests SERVPERF performs equally well or better than SERVQUAL in explaining overall satisfaction.