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Affective Polarization Measurement

Affective polarization measurement quantifies the gap between how positively people feel toward their own political party (the in-party) and how negatively they feel toward the opposing party (the out-party). Iyengar, Sood and Lelkes (2012) showed that this affective divide has grown sharply even where issue positions have not, reframing polarization as a social-identity phenomenon of partisan like and dislike rather than ideological distance.

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  1. Iyengar, S., Sood, G., & Lelkes, Y. (2012). Affect, not ideology: A social identity perspective on polarization. Public Opinion Quarterly, 76(3), 405-431. DOI: 10.1093/poq/nfs038
  2. Iyengar, S., Lelkes, Y., Levendusky, M., Malhotra, N., & Westwood, S. J. (2019). The origins and consequences of affective polarization in the United States. Annual Review of Political Science, 22, 129-146. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-polisci-051117-073034

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ScholarGate. (2026, June 22). Affective Polarization Measurement. ScholarGate. https://scholargate.app/lv/political-psychology/affective-polarization-measurement

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ScholarGateAffective Polarization Measurement (Affective Polarization Measurement). Izgūts 2026-06-25 no https://scholargate.app/lv/political-psychology/affective-polarization-measurement · Datu kopa: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20539026