방법 비교

	네트워크 기반 GWAS	유전자 집합 농축 분석 (GSEA)
분야	생물정보학	생물정보학
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2011–2013 (early tools); mature framework by 2015	2005 (seminal PNAS paper; predecessor concept in Mootha et al. 2003)
창시자	Jia et al. (dmGWAS, 2011); Baranzini et al.; multiple concurrent groups	Aravind Subramanian, Pablo Tamayo, Vamsi K. Mootha, Jill P. Mesirov, Todd R. Golub, Eric S. Lander et al. (Broad Institute)
유형	Network-augmented association analysis	Functional genomics / enrichment analysis
원전	Wang, Q., Yu, H., Zhao, Z., & Jia, P. (2015). EW_dmGWAS: edge-weighted dense module search for genome-wide association studies and gene expression profiles. Bioinformatics, 31(15), 2591–2594.	Subramanian, A., Tamayo, P., Mootha, V. K., Mukherjee, S., Ebert, B. L., Gillette, M. A., Paulovich, A., Pomeroy, S. L., Golub, T. R., Lander, E. S., & Mesirov, J. P. (2005). Gene set enrichment analysis: A knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(43), 15545–15550.
별칭	network GWAS, gene network GWAS, network-informed GWAS, NbGWAS	GSEA, gene-set analysis, functional enrichment analysis, pathway-level enrichment
관련	6	5
요약	Network-based GWAS integrates conventional genome-wide association study results with biological network data — such as protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks or gene co-expression graphs — to identify disease-relevant gene modules or subnetworks. Instead of reporting only the top individual SNPs, this approach propagates association signals through molecular interaction networks, surfacing gene clusters whose collective signal implicates them in complex-trait biology even when no single variant reaches genome-wide significance alone.	Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) is a computational method that determines whether a predefined set of genes — representing a biological pathway, process, or function — shows statistically significant, coordinated differences between two biological conditions. Unlike simple fold-change filtering, GSEA operates on all measured genes ranked by a correlation metric, detecting subtle but consistent shifts across an entire pathway even when no single gene passes a significance threshold.