방법 비교

	수학 불안 척도	학업 자기효능감 척도
분야	교육심리학	교육심리학
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1972	1977
창시자	Frank Richardson, Richard Suinn	Albert Bandura
유형	Domain-specific anxiety assessment	Self-efficacy belief measurement
원전	Richardson, F. C., & Suinn, R. M. (1972). The Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale: Psychometric data. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 19(6), 551-554.	Bandura, A. (1977). Self-Efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.
별칭	MARS, Math Anxiety Measure	ASES, Self-Efficacy for Academic Performance
관련	4	4
요약	The Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS) is a self-report instrument measuring the degree of anxiety students experience in mathematical situations. Developed by Richardson and Suinn (1972) and revised by Plake and Parker (1995), it assesses emotional and physiological responses to math learning and performance. Mathematics anxiety—fear or dread anticipating math tasks—significantly undermines achievement, particularly in STEM fields, and is a target for intervention in educational and clinical settings.	The Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES) measures students' beliefs about their capability to succeed in academic tasks. Grounded in Bandura's social cognitive theory, the instrument assesses perceived competence in diverse academic domains—understanding lectures, completing assignments, performing on exams, and engaging in scholarly work. High academic self-efficacy is a strong predictor of achievement, persistence, and resilience in the face of academic challenges.