방법 비교

	업무 중 몰입 척도	Stanford Presenteeism Scale
분야	산업보건	산업보건
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1990	2002
창시자	Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (flow theory); Arnold B. Bakker (work-related flow scale)	Clifford Koopman, Kenneth R. Pelletier, James Murray, and colleagues
유형	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
원전	Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper & Row.	Koopman, C., Pelletier, K. R., Murray, J. F., Sharda, C. E., Berger, M. L., Turpin, R. S., ... & Bendel, T. (2002). Stanford Presenteeism Scale: Health status and employee productivity. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 44(1), 14-20.
별칭	FSS-work, Flow State Scale	SPS-6, Presenteeism Scale
관련	5	5
요약	The Flow at Work Scale (derived from Csikszentmihalyi's flow theory and operationalized by Bakker as the Work-Related Flow Inventory) measures the degree to which employees experience 'flow'—a state of optimal absorption, focus, and enjoyment in work. Flow is characterized by full concentration, loss of self-consciousness, sense of control, and intrinsic motivation. Developed initially in sports psychology and later adapted for occupational settings, the Flow at Work Scale captures positive engagement and is associated with high performance, creativity, and psychological wellbeing.	The Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) is a brief assessment tool measuring work productivity and performance among employees who are present at work despite health problems, personal issues, or other limitations. Developed by Koopman and colleagues in 2002, the SPS-6 quantifies the degree to which an employee's ability to concentrate, accomplish tasks, and maintain efficiency is compromised while working. Presenteeism—working while ill or impaired—is increasingly recognized as a significant occupational health concern with substantial economic and wellbeing consequences.