Regression model

Instrumental Variables via Two-Stage Least Squares (IV/2SLS)

IV/2SLS is a two-stage estimation method that recovers the causal effect of an endogenous regressor by isolating the part of its variation driven by an external instrument. It is the workhorse identification strategy in modern applied econometrics, developed at length in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics (2009).

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Sources

  1. Angrist, J. D. & Pischke, J. S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355
  2. Stock, J. H. & Yogo, M. (2005). Testing for Weak Instruments in Linear IV Regression. In Identification and Inference for Econometric Models. Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511614491.006

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Referenced by

ScholarGateTwo-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) (Instrumental Variables Estimation via Two-Stage Least Squares (IV/2SLS)). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/en/causal-inference/iv-2sls