Compara mètodes

	Cerca de Veïnatge Variable (VNS)	Algorisme genètic	Harmony Search	Cerca Tabu
Camp	Optimització	Optimització	Optimització	Optimització
Família	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Any d'origen	1997	1975	2001	1989
Autor original	—	John Henry Holland	Zong Woo Geem, Joong Hoon Kim, G. V. Loganathan	Fred Glover
Tipus	Metaheuristic — neighborhood-based	Population-based metaheuristic	Metaheuristic population-based optimization	Local-search metaheuristic
Font seminal	Mladenović, N. & Hansen, P. (1997). Variable Neighborhood Search. Computers & Operations Research, 24(11), 1097–1100.	Holland, J.H. (1975). Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems. University of Michigan Press.	Geem, Z. W., Kim, J. H., & Loganathan, G. V. (2001). A New Heuristic Optimization Algorithm: Harmony Search. Simulation, 76(2), 60–68.	Glover, F. (1989). Tabu Search — Part I. ORSA Journal on Computing, 1(3), 190–206.
Àlies	VNS, Değişken Komşuluk Araması (VNS), variable neighbourhood search	GA, evolutionary algorithm, Genetik Algoritma — Evrimsel Optimizasyon	HS algorithm, Harmoni Araması (Harmony Search), music-inspired optimization	Tabu Araması (Tabu Search), TS, tabu metaheuristic
Relacionats	4	5	5	4
Resum	Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) is a metaheuristic optimization framework introduced by Mladenović and Hansen in 1997. It escapes local optima by systematically switching among a predefined set of neighborhood structures — first perturbing the current solution (shaking) to reach a different region of the search space, then applying a local search within that region, and finally accepting the new solution only if it improves the incumbent. The method is flexible enough to handle combinatorial problems (routing, scheduling, graph problems) as well as continuous optimization, making it one of the most widely used neighborhood-based metaheuristics in operations research.	A genetic algorithm (GA) is a population-based metaheuristic optimization method introduced by John Henry Holland (1975) that mimics the principles of natural selection. It maintains a population of candidate solutions and iteratively improves them through selection, crossover, and mutation operators, making it especially powerful on discontinuous, non-convex, and multi-modal search spaces where classical gradient-based methods fail.	Harmony Search (HS) is a population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm introduced by Geem, Kim, and Loganathan in 2001. It mimics the improvisation process of jazz musicians seeking a perfect state of harmony, using three operators — memory consideration, pitch adjustment, and random selection — to generate candidate solutions. The algorithm applies to both continuous and discrete variables and has found wide use in engineering design, water distribution network optimization, and combinatorial problems.	Tabu Search is a local-search metaheuristic introduced by Fred Glover in 1989 that uses a tabu list — a short-term memory of recently visited solutions — to prevent cycling and escape local optima. By explicitly forbidding moves that reverse recent decisions, the algorithm explores the search space more broadly and, through long-term memory structures such as aspiration criteria, aims to approach the global optimum even in large, complex combinatorial problems.