方法证据记录
Soft Systems Methodology
Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) is an interpretive, action-research approach for structuring and managing complex, ill-defined ('soft') problem situations involving human activity. Developed by Peter Checkland at Lancaster University throughout the 1970s and formally presented in 1981, SSM guides practitioners through iterative cycles of inquiry that move from an unstructured problem situation to purposeful action through structured learning rather than optimization.
源记录
引文逐字复制自方法源记录。这些引文不代表任何层级的验证。
Soft Systems Methodology (SSM)
分类方法记录 · process-pipeline / problem-structuring
- Checkland, P. (1981). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Wiley. · ISBN 978-0-471-27911-2
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