方法对比
并排查看您选择的方法；存在差异的行会高亮显示。
| 顺序/分组顺序试验设计× | 自适应临床试验设计× | 随机对照试验 (RCT)× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 实验设计 | 实验设计 | 实验设计 |
| 方法族 | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test |
| 起源年份≠ | 1979 | 1994 | 1948 |
| 提出者≠ | O'Brien & Fleming; Pocock; Lan & DeMets | Bauer & Köhne | James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948) |
| 类型≠ | Adaptive stopping trial design | Adaptive hypothesis test with interim analyses | Interventional comparative study |
| 开创性文献≠ | O'Brien, P.C. & Fleming, T.R. (1979). A Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials. Biometrics, 35(3), 549–556. DOI ↗ | Bauer, P. & Köhne, K. (1994). Evaluation of Experiments with Adaptive Interim Analyses. Biometrics, 50(4), 1029–1041. DOI ↗ | Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI ↗ |
| 别名≠ | group sequential design, adaptive stopping design, Ardışık Deneme Tasarımı (Sequential / Group Sequential) | adaptive design, group sequential design, sample size re-estimation, platform trial | RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı |
| 相关≠ | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| 摘要≠ | Sequential and group sequential trial designs allow a study to be stopped early — or continued — based on interim analyses conducted as data accumulate. The core framework was formalised by O'Brien and Fleming in 1979 and extended by Lan and DeMets's alpha-spending approach, and it controls the overall Type I error rate across all planned looks by pre-specifying both efficacy and futility boundaries before enrolment begins. | Adaptive clinical trial design is a flexible experimental framework, formalised by Bauer and Köhne in 1994, in which pre-specified rules allow the trial to be modified mid-course — adjusting sample size, treatment arms, or randomisation ratios — based on accumulating interim data while rigorously controlling the Type I error rate. | A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010). |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
|
|
|