方法对比

	基于风险的质量功能展开	统计过程控制
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (QFD: 1966–1972; risk-based extensions: ~1995–2010)	1924–1931
提出者	Yoji Akao (QFD foundation); risk integration developed by multiple authors in quality engineering literature from the 1990s onward	Walter A. Shewhart
类型	Structured quality planning method with integrated risk assessment	Process monitoring and quality control method
开创性文献	Akao, Y. (1990). Quality Function Deployment: Integrating Customer Requirements into Product Design. Productivity Press, Cambridge, MA. ISBN: 978-0915299416	Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand. ISBN: 978-0873890762
别名	Risk-based QFD, QFD with risk analysis, FMEA-integrated QFD, risk-integrated House of Quality	SPC, statistical quality control, process control charting, Shewhart control
相关	6	6
摘要	Risk-based quality function deployment (Risk-based QFD) integrates formal risk analysis — most commonly Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) or risk matrices — into the classic QFD House of Quality framework. By weighting customer requirements and engineering characteristics against their associated failure risks, teams prioritise design and process decisions not only by customer importance but also by potential harm, regulatory exposure, or reliability impact. It is widely used in automotive, aerospace, medical device, and industrial product development.	Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a data-driven quality method that uses statistical techniques — primarily control charts — to monitor a manufacturing or service process over time. By distinguishing natural process variation (common cause) from unusual, actionable variation (special cause), SPC enables practitioners to maintain processes in a stable, predictable state and to detect problems early, before defective output reaches customers.