方法对比
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| 面板系统GMM（Blundell-Bond估计量）× | 面板Arellano-Bond GMM估计量× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 计量经济学 | 计量经济学 |
| 方法族 | Regression model | Regression model |
| 起源年份≠ | 1998 | 1991 |
| 提出者≠ | Blundell & Bond (1998); Arellano & Bover (1995) | Manuel Arellano and Stephen Bond |
| 类型≠ | GMM estimator for dynamic panel data | Dynamic panel GMM estimator |
| 开创性文献≠ | Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115–143. DOI ↗ | Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations. Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277–297. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | System GMM, Blundell-Bond estimator, SYS-GMM, two-step System GMM | Arellano-Bond GMM, AB-GMM, difference GMM estimator, dynamic panel GMM |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Panel System GMM is a two-equation GMM estimator for dynamic panel data that stacks the differenced equation (using lagged levels as instruments) with the levels equation (using lagged differences as instruments). Developed by Blundell and Bond (1998) on the foundation of Arellano and Bover (1995), it is the preferred tool when the lagged dependent variable is highly persistent or individual effects are large. | The Arellano-Bond GMM estimator addresses the two core problems of dynamic panel models — individual fixed effects correlated with the regressors, and the endogeneity introduced by a lagged dependent variable — by first-differencing to remove fixed effects and then using lagged levels of the dependent variable as internal instruments. |
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