方法对比

	Meta-analytic competing risks analysis	Kaplan-Meier分析
领域	流行病学	流行病学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2000s–2010s (formalized as a pooled approach)	1958
提出者	Based on Fine & Gray (1999) competing risks framework; meta-analytic synthesis methods established through methodological literature (mid-2000s onward)	Edward L. Kaplan and Paul Meier
类型	Systematic review / meta-analysis	Nonparametric survival estimator
开创性文献	Riley, R. D., Hayden, J. A., Steyerberg, E. W., et al. (2013). Prognosis Research Strategy (PROGRESS) 2: Prognostic Factor Research. PLOS Medicine, 10(2), e1001380.	Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457–481.
别名	meta-analysis of competing risks, pooled competing risks analysis, systematic review competing risks	KM analysis, KM estimator, product-limit estimator, Kaplan-Meier curve
相关	5	5
摘要	Meta-analytic competing risks analysis pools results from multiple primary studies that each used a competing risks framework, allowing summary estimates of cause-specific or subdistribution hazard ratios and cumulative incidence functions. Because standard meta-analytic methods may misrepresent competing events, specialized pooling strategies are required that respect the subdistribution hazard structure introduced by Fine and Gray and the distinction between cause-specific and all-cause hazard models.	Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis is a nonparametric method for estimating the survival function from time-to-event data. Introduced by Kaplan and Meier in 1958, it produces the classic step-function survival curve that shows the probability of surviving beyond each observed event time, correctly accounting for censored observations — participants who left the study or had not yet experienced the event by the end of follow-up. It is one of the most widely used techniques in clinical and epidemiological research.