方法对比

	词典式最佳最差法	最佳-最差法 (Best-Worst Method)	辞书式目标规划	分层最优最差法 (Stratified Best Worst Method)
领域	决策	决策	决策	决策
方法族	MCDM	MCDM	MCDM	MCDM
起源年份	2015	2015	1961	2015
提出者	Based on Rezaei's BWM framework and lexicographic optimization	Rezaei, J.	Abraham Charnes and William W. Cooper	Jafar Rezaei and collaborators
类型	Sequential best-worst comparisons with priority hierarchy	Pairwise comparison (best-to-others + others-to-worst vectors), LP	Sequential goal optimization with priority levels	Hierarchical pairwise comparison with layer-wise best-worst
开创性文献	Rezaei, J. (2015). Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method: Some properties and a linear model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 976-985.	Rezaei, J. (2015). Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method. Omega	Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. W. (1961). Management models and industrial applications of linear programming. Management Science, 8(1), 38-91.	Rezaei, J. (2015). Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method: Some properties and a linear model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 976-985.
别名	Lexicographic BWM	—	Lexicographic GP, LGP	Stratified BWM
相关	4	8	2	4
摘要	Lexicographic BWM combines the strengths of the Best Worst Method with lexicographic (sequential) optimization. Instead of weighting all criteria simultaneously, it assigns criteria to priority levels, solves the BWM for the highest-priority criteria first, then solves for lower-priority criteria while keeping the higher-priority weights fixed. This ensures that higher-priority criteria are never sacrificed to improve lower-priority ones.	BWM (Best-Worst Method) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Rezaei, J. in 2015. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.	Lexicographic Goal Programming (LGP) is a variant of goal programming introduced by Charnes and Cooper in the 1960s. It prioritizes multiple goals in a strict ordinal hierarchy, solving optimization problems sequentially: first achieve the highest-priority goal, then the second-highest while maintaining the first, and so on. This ensures that lower-priority goals are never pursued at the expense of higher-priority ones.	Stratified BWM is an extension of the Best Worst Method that applies the BWM logic recursively across multiple hierarchical layers. Instead of weighting criteria at a single level, it identifies the best and worst criterion within each level of a hierarchy, then aggregates weights across levels. This enables more realistic modeling of complex decision problems with natural hierarchical structures.