方法对比

	食物频率问卷 (FFQ)	国际膳食质量指数 (DQI-I)
领域	营养学	营养学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1986	2003
提出者	Walter C. Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health	Sungwon Kim, Pamela S. Haines, Aileen M. Siega-Riz, Barry M. Popkin
类型	Self-administered questionnaire (retrospective dietary assessment)	Derived from dietary assessment data (food frequency questionnaire, 24-hour recall)
开创性文献	Willett, W. C. (1998). Nutritional Epidemiology (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.	Kim, S., Haines, P. S., Siega-Riz, A. M., & Popkin, B. M. (2003). The Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) provides an effective tool for assessing the quality of various diet profiles. The Journal of Nutrition, 133(12), 3911-3919.
别名	FFQ, food-frequency-assessment	DQI-I, DQI
相关	5	5
摘要	The Food Frequency Questionnaire is a self-administered dietary assessment tool designed to measure habitual food and nutrient intake over an extended period (typically 6–12 months). Developed by epidemiologists, particularly Walter Willett at Harvard, the FFQ has become a cornerstone of nutritional epidemiology research, enabling large-scale studies to assess dietary patterns and examine diet-disease relationships. FFQs vary in length (50–200+ items) and focus, but all share the purpose of estimating average dietary intake in a time-efficient manner suitable for population studies.	The Dietary Quality Index-International is a comprehensive dietary quality assessment tool developed to evaluate overall diet quality based on food and nutrient intake data. Introduced by Kim and colleagues in 2003, the DQI-I incorporates four key dimensions of diet quality: adequacy (adequate intake of essential nutrients and food groups), moderation (limiting excess intake of less healthful components), variety (diversity of food groups), and appropriate macronutrient distribution. It is widely used in epidemiological research to assess population dietary patterns and to examine relationships between diet quality and chronic disease outcomes.