方法对比
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| 贝叶斯观测性定量研究× | 结构方程模型× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 研究设计 | 研究统计学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1990s–2000s (systematic application to observational research) | 1921 |
| 提出者≠ | Thomas Bayes (foundational theorem, 1763); modern applied form developed by Sander Greenland, Andrew Gelman, and colleagues (1990s–2000s) | Sewall Wright |
| 类型≠ | Quantitative non-experimental research design with Bayesian inference | Method |
| 开创性文献≠ | Gelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., Dunson, D. B., Vehtari, A., & Rubin, D. B. (2013). Bayesian Data Analysis (3rd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN: 978-1439840955 | Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1973). LISREL: A general computer program for estimating a linear structural equation system. Research Bulletin 73-5. University of Stockholm. link ↗ |
| 别名 | Bayesian observational study, Bayesian non-experimental quantitative design, Bayesian causal observational analysis, BOQR | SEM, path analysis, latent variable modeling, causal modeling |
| 相关≠ | 4 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | Bayesian observational quantitative research applies Bayesian statistical inference to data collected without experimental manipulation — surveys, administrative records, registries, or secondary datasets. Instead of relying solely on p-values and confidence intervals, the analyst encodes prior knowledge about parameters as probability distributions, updates them with observed data via Bayes' theorem, and reports conclusions as posterior probability statements. The approach is especially valued in epidemiology, social science, and health services research where randomisation is impossible or unethical. | Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a comprehensive statistical framework combining path analysis (Sewall Wright, 1921) and confirmatory factor analysis to test complex causal models linking observed and latent variables. Formalized by Jöreskog (1973) with LISREL software, SEM enables simultaneous estimation of measurement relationships (how variables measure latent constructs) and structural relationships (how constructs influence outcomes), making it powerful for theory testing in psychology, epidemiology, organizational research, and health sciences where complex mediation, moderation, and latent processes require integrated analysis. |
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