方法对比
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| 自适应巢式病例对照研究× | 病例对照研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 流行病学 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Base design 1977; adaptive extensions from 1990s onward | 1950s (formal methodology); precursors in the 1920s |
| 提出者≠ | Nested case-control: D. C. Thomas (1977); adaptive design framework: Peter Bauer & Klaus Kohne (1994) | Janet Lane-Claypon (early precursors, 1926); formalized by Brian MacMahon and Jerome Cornfield in the 1950s–1960s |
| 类型≠ | Observational epidemiological study with adaptive design elements | Observational analytic study design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Thomas, D. C. (1977). Addendum to: Methods of cohort analysis: Appraisal by application to asbestos mining. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 140(4), 469–491. DOI ↗ | Schlesselman, J.J. (1982). Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195027860 |
| 别名 | adaptive NCC, adaptive nested case-referent study, dynamic nested case-control, sequential nested case-control | case-referent study, case-control design, retrospective case-control, case-control analysis |
| 相关 | 6 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | An adaptive nested case-control study embeds a case-control comparison within a defined cohort and incorporates pre-specified interim decision rules that allow modifications — such as control-to-case ratio adjustment or biomarker sub-sampling revision — based on accumulating data, without compromising the study's validity or inflating type I error. The design combines the efficiency of the nested case-control framework with the flexibility of adaptive methodology to optimise resource use when exposure assessment is costly. | A case-control study is a retrospective observational design in which individuals who have developed a disease or outcome of interest (cases) are compared with individuals who have not (controls) to determine whether prior exposure to a putative risk factor differs between the two groups. The primary measure of association is the odds ratio, which approximates the relative risk when the outcome is rare. Case-control studies are especially efficient for investigating rare diseases and generating etiological hypotheses. |
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