方法对比
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| 自适应病例对照研究× | 顺序分析（分组顺序设计）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 流行病学 | 统计学 |
| 方法族≠ | Process / pipeline | Hypothesis test |
| 起源年份≠ | 1950s (base design); adaptive extensions developed from the 1970s–1990s | 1977 |
| 提出者≠ | Builds on Doll & Hill (1950s) case-control foundations; adaptive elements drawn from sequential analysis (Wald, 1947) and group-sequential methods (Armitage, 1975) | P. C. O'Brien & T. R. Fleming; P. C. Pocock |
| 类型≠ | Adaptive observational epidemiological design | Sequential / adaptive hypothesis test |
| 开创性文献≠ | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 | O'Brien, P.C. & Fleming, T.R. (1979). A Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials. Biometrics, 35(3), 549–556. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | adaptive case-control design, sequential case-control study, adaptive observational study, dynamic case-control study | sequential testing, group sequential design, interim analysis, Sıralı Analiz (Sequential Testing / Group Sequential Design) |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | An adaptive case-control study is a case-control design that incorporates pre-specified rules allowing modification of study parameters — such as sample size, case-to-control ratio, or matching criteria — based on interim data, without compromising validity. It combines the efficiency of adaptive methodology with the retrospective exposure-ascertainment logic of classical case-control research, enabling investigators to respond to emerging evidence while the study is ongoing. | Sequential analysis is a framework for conducting hypothesis tests with pre-planned interim looks at accumulating data, allowing a study to stop early for efficacy or futility while controlling the overall Type I error rate. The group sequential approach was formalised by Pocock (1977) and O'Brien and Fleming (1979), and remains the standard for confirmatory clinical trials and rigorous A/B experiments. |
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