So sánh phương pháp

	Q-Methodology (Phương pháp Q)	Phân tích nhân tố	Thematic Analysis
Lĩnh vực	Tâm lý học	Thống kê nghiên cứu	Nghiên cứu định tính
Họ	Hypothesis test	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1935	1931	2006
Người khởi xướng	William Stephenson	Louis Leon Thurstone	Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke
Loại	Q-sort ranking technique	Method	Method
Công trình gốc	Stephenson, W. (1935). Technique of factor analysis. Nature, 136(3434), 297.	Thurstone, L. L. (1947). Multiple Factor Analysis. University of Chicago Press.	Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Tên gọi khác	Q-Sort, Q-Technique	EFA, CFA, latent variable modeling	TA, Reflexive Thematic Analysis
Liên quan	3	3	3
Tóm tắt	Q-Methodology is a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative factor analysis with qualitative interpretation to identify distinct perspectives, viewpoints, or 'factors' shared by groups of people. Introduced by William Stephenson in 1935, it uses Q-sorts—where participants rank statements on a continuum—to measure subjective viewpoints systematically. The method applies factor analysis to correlations among Q-sorts (not items), revealing common patterns of opinion or attitude that transcend individual differences.	Factor analysis is a statistical technique for identifying latent (unobserved) dimensions underlying observed variables, developed by Louis Leon Thurstone in the 1930s and formalized by Jöreskog (1969). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) discovers unknown factor structure from data; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tests hypothesized relationships between observed and latent variables. Essential in psychometrics (test development), organizational research (measuring constructs like leadership style), and biomedicine (identifying disease subtypes), factor analysis reduces dimensionality while revealing conceptual organization in multivariate data.	Thematic Analysis (TA) is a qualitative research methodology for identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) in qualitative data. Developed systematically by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke (2006), TA is flexible and accessible, applicable across diverse theoretical frameworks and data types, making it one of the most widely used qualitative methods in psychology, health research, and social sciences.