เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	Difference-in-Differences (DiD)	การทดสอบความเป็นเหตุเป็นผลแบบแกรนเจอร์ (Granger Causality Test)
สาขาวิชา	เศรษฐมิติ	เศรษฐมิติ
ตระกูล	Regression model	Regression model
ปีกำเนิด	1994	1969
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment)	Clive W. J. Granger
ประเภท	Causal inference / panel regression	Time-series predictive causality test
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355	Granger, C. W. J. (1969). Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-spectral Methods. Econometrica, 37(3), 424-438.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff)	Granger causality test, Granger non-causality test, predictive causality test, Granger Nedensellik Testi
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	5	5
สรุป	Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes.	The Granger causality test, introduced by Clive W. J. Granger in 1969, assesses whether the past values of one time series help predict another beyond what the latter's own past already explains. It defines causality in a strictly predictive sense rather than as a structural or physical cause.