Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kipimo cha Hisia ya Kumiliki× | Kiwango cha Hali ya Shule× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Saikolojia ya Elimu | Saikolojia ya Elimu |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1993 | 1982 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Carol Goodenow | Charles S. Anderson, Wayne Hoy |
| Aina≠ | School belonging perception scale | School climate assessment instrument |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Goodenow, C. (1993). Classroom belonging among early adolescent students: relationships to motivation and achievement. Journal of Early Adolescence, 13(1), 21-43. DOI ↗ | Anderson, C. S. (1982). The search for school climate: a review of the research. Review of Educational Research, 52(3), 368-420. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | SOBS, School Belonging Measure | SCS, School Environment Measurement |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Sense of Belonging Scale (SOBS) measures students' perceptions of their connectedness and acceptance within the school community. Developed by Goodenow (1993), it assesses whether students feel valued, included, and connected to peers and teachers. Sense of belonging is a critical psychological need and a powerful predictor of academic motivation, engagement, mental health, and persistence, particularly for students from underrepresented groups. | The School Climate Scale (SCS) is an institutional assessment tool that measures the overall social and emotional environment of a school. Grounded in organizational climate research, instruments such as Hoy and Tarter's Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire (OCDQ) evaluate dimensions including principal leadership, teacher collaboration, student relationships, and school safety, providing schools with data on the intangible but crucial aspects of school life that affect student outcomes and well-being. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
|
|