Linganisha mbinu

	Uchambuzi wa Mawimbi Uliounganishwa kwa Ukali	Njia ya Uenezaji wa Mfumo (Beam Propagation Method - BPM)	Njia ya Muda wa Tofauti za Finiti
Nyanja	Optiki	Optiki	Optiki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1981	1978	1966
Mwanzilishi	M. G. Moharam and T. K. Gaylord	Michael Feit and John Fleck	Kane Yee
Aina	Diffraction algorithm	Paraxial propagation algorithm	Finite-difference algorithm
Chanzo asilia	Moharam, M. G., & Gaylord, T. K. (1981). Rigorous coupled-wave analysis of planar-grating diffraction. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 71(7), 811-818.	Feit, M. D., & Fleck, J. A. (1978). Light propagation in graded-index optical fibers. Applied Optics, 17(24), 3990-3998.	Yee, K. S. (1966). Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell's equations in isotropic media. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 14(3), 302-307.
Majina mbadala	RCWA method, coupled-wave method, diffraction grating analysis	BPM, paraxial approximation method	FDTD, Yee scheme
Zinazohusiana	3	3	3
Muhtasari	Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis is a semi-analytical computational method for solving Maxwell's equations in periodic structures such as diffraction gratings and photonic crystals. Developed by Moharam and Gaylord in 1981, RCWA expands the electromagnetic fields in each periodic region into Fourier series and couples the fields at interfaces, enabling accurate and efficient simulation of light diffraction, resonances, and wave propagation in structured media.	The Beam Propagation Method is a computational technique for simulating the propagation of optical beams through slowly varying, weakly guiding structures. Developed by Feit and Fleck in 1978, BPM exploits the paraxial approximation to reduce the full vector wave equation to a scalar or vector envelope equation, enabling efficient simulation of waveguides, integrated optics, and photonic devices.	The Finite-Difference Time-Domain method is a computational technique for solving Maxwell's equations by discretizing space and time on a grid. Introduced by Kane Yee in 1966, FDTD is a foundational approach in computational electrodynamics and optical simulation, enabling direct modeling of electromagnetic wave propagation through complex media.