Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kiwango cha Tabia ya Uraia wa Shirika× | Kipimo cha Uaminifu wa Shirika× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Tabia ya Shirika | Tabia ya Shirika |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1988 | 1996 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Dennis W. Organ | Aneil K. Mishra |
| Aina | Self-report scale | Self-report scale |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington Books. ISBN: 978-0-669-16934-9 | Mishra, A. K. (1996). Organizational responses to crisis: The role of mutual trust and top management teams. Academy of Management Journal, 39(4), 842-865. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | OCB Scale, Williams & Anderson Scale | — |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (OCBS) is a 16-item instrument measuring discretionary employee contributions beyond formal job requirements. Developed by Organ in 1988 and operationalized by Williams and Anderson in 1991, the OCBS assesses two dimensions: helping behaviors toward coworkers and support for the organization. | The Organizational Trust Scale (OTS) is a 12-item instrument designed to measure interpersonal trust and organizational confidence across four dimensions. Developed by Aneil K. Mishra in 1996, the scale addresses how employees perceive trustworthiness in their organization and leadership. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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