Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kiashirio cha Kazi cha Kazi (JDI)× | Perceived Organizational Support Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Tabia ya Shirika | Tabia ya Shirika |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1969 | 1986 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Patricia Cain Smith | Robert Eisenberger |
| Aina | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Smith, P. C., Kendall, L. M., & Hulin, C. L. (1969). The measurement of satisfaction in work and retirement: A strategy for the study of attitudes. Rand McNally. ISBN: 978-0528614110 | Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500–507. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | JDI, Smith Kendall Hulin Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale | POSS, POS Scale, Eisenberger Organizational Support |
| Zinazohusiana | 5 | 5 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Job Descriptive Index (JDI) is a comprehensive self-report measure of job satisfaction across five distinct dimensions: work, supervision, coworkers, pay, and promotions. Developed by Smith, Kendall, and Hulin in 1969, it has become one of the most widely used and empirically validated job satisfaction instruments in organizational research. The JDI is prized for its multidimensional structure and strong psychometric properties. | The Perceived Organizational Support Scale (POSS) measures employees' beliefs about the degree to which their employing organization values their contributions and cares about their well-being. Developed by Eisenberger and colleagues in 1986, it is a foundational construct in organizational psychology that predicts employee engagement, commitment, and performance. The scale is grounded in social exchange theory and reciprocity norms. |
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