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	ARFIMA: Fraktionellt Integrerad ARMA-modell	Vanligaste minsta kvadratmetoden (OLS) Regression	Kvantilregression
Ämnesområde	Ekonometri	Ekonometri	Ekonometri
Familj	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
Ursprungsår	1980	2019	1978
Upphovsperson	Granger & Joyeux (1980); Hosking (1981)	Wooldridge (textbook treatment); classical least squares	Koenker & Bassett
Typ	Long-memory time series model	Linear regression	Conditional quantile regression
Ursprungskälla	Granger, C. W. J. & Joyeux, R. (1980). An Introduction to Long-Memory Time Series Models and Fractional Differencing. Journal of Time Series Analysis, 1(1), 15–29.	Wooldridge, J. M. (2019). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1337558860	Koenker, R. & Bassett, G., Jr. (1978). Regression Quantiles. Econometrica, 46(1), 33-50.
Alias	fractionally integrated ARMA, long-memory time series model, ARFIMA / FIGARCH, fractional differencing model	ordinary least squares, classical linear regression, linear regression, en küçük kareler regresyonu	conditional quantile regression, regression quantiles, Kantil Regresyon
Närliggande	5	5	5
Sammanfattning	ARFIMA is a time series model that captures long-memory behaviour using a fractional differencing parameter d, generalising the integer differencing of ARIMA. It was introduced by Granger and Joyeux (1980) and formalised by Hosking (1981) to describe series whose autocorrelations decay slowly rather than abruptly.	Ordinary Least Squares is the classical linear regression method that explains a continuous outcome as a linear combination of predictors. It estimates the coefficients by minimising the sum of squared residuals, and under the Gauss-Markov assumptions these estimates are the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE).	Quantile regression models conditional quantiles of an outcome - the median, the 25th or 75th percentile, and so on - rather than the conditional mean that OLS targets. Introduced by Koenker and Bassett in 1978, it reveals how predictors act across the whole distribution, including its tails.