Comparar métodos

	Teste de Aderência	Erro Quadrático Médio (EQM)
Área	Avaliação de modelos	Avaliação de modelos
Família	MCDM	MCDM
Ano de origem	1900	1809
Autor original	Karl Pearson	Carl Friedrich Gauss
Tipo	Hypothesis testing framework for model adequacy	Squared-error loss function
Fonte seminal	Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations from the probable in the case of a correlated system of variables is such that it can be reasonably supposed to have arisen from random sampling. Philosophical Magazine, 50(302), 157-175.	Gauss, C. F. (1809). Theoria Motus Corporum Coelestium in Sectionibus Conicis Solem Ambientium. Hamburg: Perthes and Besser.
Outros nomes	goodness of fit test, GOF test, model fit assessment	MSE, L2 error, quadratic error
Relacionados	4	4
Resumo	Goodness-of-fit (GOF) testing is a framework for assessing whether observed data are consistent with a hypothesized probability distribution or model. Originating from Karl Pearson's chi-square test (1900), GOF tests quantify the discrepancy between data and model predictions, yielding p-values to judge whether observed deviations are statistically significant or due to random chance.	Mean Squared Error is the foundational loss function for regression models, measuring the average squared deviation between predictions and observations. Originating from Gauss and Legendre's method of least squares (1805-1809), MSE is the basis for ordinary least squares regression and remains central to modern machine learning optimization.