Bandingkan kaedah

	Penghargaan Crank-Nicolson	Volatiliti Lokal (Dupire)	Model SABR
Bidang	Kewangan Kuantitatif	Kewangan Kuantitatif	Kewangan Kuantitatif
Keluarga	Machine learning	Regression model	Regression model
Tahun asal	1947	1994	2002
Pengasas	John Crank and Phyllis Nicolson	Bruno Dupire	Patrick S. Hagan
Jenis	PDE Solver	Equity/FX Model	Interest Rate Model
Sumber perintis	Crank, J., & Nicolson, P. (1947). A practical method for numerical evaluation of solutions of partial differential equations of the heat-conduction type. Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 43(1), 50-67.	Dupire, B. (1994). Pricing with a smile. Risk Magazine, 7(1), 18-20.	Hagan, P. S., Kumar, D., Lesniewski, A. S., & Woodward, D. E. (2002). Managing smile risk. Wilmott Magazine, 1, 84-108.
Alias	CN Method, Implicit Finite Difference	Deterministic Volatility Function, DVF	Stochastic Volatility Model
Berkaitan	3	4	4
Ringkasan	The Crank-Nicolson method is a widely-used implicit finite difference scheme for solving PDEs in option pricing. It provides second-order accuracy in both space and time, unconditional stability, and can efficiently price derivatives with early exercise features (American options) or complex boundary conditions.	Dupire's local volatility model (1994) is a deterministic framework that extracts a term and strike-dependent volatility function from market option prices. Unlike constant volatility, local volatility perfectly fits the observed implied volatility smile and is implemented via finite difference methods for European and American option pricing.	The SABR (Stochastic Alpha-Beta-Rho) model is a stochastic volatility framework introduced by Hagan et al. in 2002 for valuing interest rate derivatives. It captures the smile effect in implied volatility through correlated Brownian motions and has become industry standard for swaption and caplet pricing.