방법 비교

	2모수 로지스틱 문항반응 이론 모형 (2PL)	탐색적 요인 분석 (EFA)
분야	심리측정학	통계학
계열	Latent structure	Latent structure
기원 연도	1980	—
창시자	Frederic M. Lord	—
유형	Item response model / latent trait model	Latent variable / dimension reduction
원전	Lord, F. M. (1980). Applications of Item Response Theory to Practical Testing Problems. Erlbaum.	Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C. & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological Methods, 4(3), 272–299.
별칭	two-parameter logistic model, 2PL model, 2PL IRT — İki Parametreli Madde Tepki Modeli	common factor analysis, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, factor analysis
관련	6	4
요약	The two-parameter logistic item response model, formalised by Frederic Lord (1980), describes the probability that a respondent answers a binary test item correctly as a smooth S-shaped function of the respondent's latent ability. By estimating a separate discrimination parameter for each item alongside a difficulty parameter, 2PL allows items to differ in how sharply they distinguish high- from low-ability respondents — making it the standard model for large-scale educational and psychological assessments.	Exploratory factor analysis reduces a large set of observed variables into a smaller number of latent common factors. It is widely used in scale development and psychometrics to uncover the dimensional structure that underlies a set of correlated items, without specifying that structure in advance.